The interaction of nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth, nutrient status and nodulation of Stylosanthes humilis H.B.K. (townsville stylo)

Gates, CT; Wilson, JR

doi:10.1007/bf00017260

Cited by 49 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…4B). Increases in nitrogen concentration in symbiotic plants without combined nitrogen with improvement in phosphorus nutrition is a widely reported phenomenon, having been observed in experiments with Phaseolus lathyroides, Phaseolus atropurpureus, Lotononis bainesii, Desmodium intortum, Vigna luteola (4); Stylosanthes humilis (4,8); Trifolium subterraneum (20); Pisum sativum (13) and Glycine max (21 and this report). The increases in nitrogen concentrations in symbiotic plants without combined nitrogen with improvement in phosphorus nutrition indicate a greater responsiveness of the symbiotic N2 fixation system to the increased phosphorus supply than of overall host plant growth.…”

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confidence: 52%

Investigation of the Role of Phosphorus in Symbiotic Dinitrogen Fixation

Israel¹

1987

Plant Physiol.

355

222

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The interactive effects of phosphorus supply and combined nitrogen (nitrate) on dry matter and nitrogen accumulation by nodulated soybean (Glycine max L. Meff.) plants, and the relative effects of phosphorus supply on nodule number, mass, and function in comparison to host plant growth were used to investigate the role of phosphorus in symbiotic dinitrogen fition. Mixed positive and negative phosphorus by nitrogen source interactions indicated that severe phosphorus deficiency markedly impaired both host plant growth and symbiotic dinitrogen fixation and that symbiotic dinitrogen fixation has a higher phosphorus requirement for optimal functioning than either host plant growth or nitrate assimilation. In the whole plant phosphorus concentration range of 0.8 to 1.5 grams per kilogram dry weight, plants supplied with 20 millimolar nitrate accumulated significantly more dry matter and nitrogen than symbiotic plants without nitrate. This suggested that the higher phosphorus requirement for symbiotic dinitrogen fixation is internal rather than being associated with differences in the ability of roots in the two nitrogen regimes to absorb phosphorus from the external solution. Increasing the phosphorus concentration in plants solely dependent on dinitrogen fixation resulted in highly significant (P = 0.0001) increases in whole plant nitrogen concentration as well as highly significant increases (P = 0.0001) in whole plant dry matter and nitrogen accumulation. This indicated a greater responsiveness of symbiotic dinitrogen fixation than of host plant growth to improvement in phosphorus nutrition. The large increases in whole plant nitrogen concentration were associated with about 3.5-fold increases in the ratio of nodule mass to whole plant mass and about 2-fold increases in specific acetylene reduction (nitrogenase) activity of the nodules. The large increase in nodule mass (>30-fold) between the 0 and 2.0 millimolar phosphorus levels resulted from 11-and 3-fold increases in nodule number per plant and average mass of individual nodules, respectively. Root mass per plant over the same concentration range increased 3.5-fold. These results indicate that phosphorus has specific roles in nodule initiation, growth, and functioning in addition to its involvement in host plant growth processes.Mineral nutrients may influence symbiotic dinitrogen fixation of leguminous plants at any of four phases of the overall process: (a) host plant growth, (b) (5-7, 9, 13). In most of these latter studies, the interactive effect of combined nitrogen and phosphorus supply on growth of symbiotic plants was not examined. Conclusions were based on the observations that increases in phosphorus supply to plants dependent on symbiotic dinitrogen fixation as the only source of usable nitrogen increased nodule number, mass, and relative growth rate more than host plant growth and increased the specific nitrogenase (acetylene reduction) activity of nodules.The objective of this study was to reconcile conflicting reports on the role of p...

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confidence: 52%

Investigation of the Role of Phosphorus in Symbiotic Dinitrogen Fixation

Israel¹

1987

Plant Physiol.

355

222

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“…N # -fixing plants have a greater need for P than nitrate-supplied plants (Israel, 1987) and the P requirement seems particularly great in bean (Graham & Rosas, 1979) though cultivars with a lesser requirement are known (Vadez et al, 1997). Only limited research has been conducted into the effects on N # fixation of the interactions between N and P (Gates & Wilson, 1974 ;Graham, 1981).…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen and phosphorus availability limit N₂ fixation in bean

Leidi

Rodríguez-Navarro

2000

New Phytologist

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Availability of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) might significantly affect N # fixation in legumes. The interaction of N and P was studied in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), considering their effects on nodulation and N # fixation, nitrate reductase activity, and the composition of N compounds in xylem sap. The effect of N on the uptake of P by plants was estimated by analysing rhizospheric pH and P concentration in xylem sap and in plant shoots. Inoculated bean plants were grown in pots containing perlite\vermiculite in two experiments with different amounts of P and N. In a third experiment, bean plants were grown on two soil types or on river sand supplied with different concentrations of N. At harvest, shoot growth, number of nodules and mass, and nitrogenase activity were determined. Xylem sap was collected for the determination of ureides, amino acids, nitrate and phosphate concentration. At low nitrate concentration (1 mM), increasing amounts of P promoted both nodule formation and N # fixation, measured as ureide content in the xylem sap. However, at high nitrate concentration (10 mM), nodulation and N # fixation did not improve with increased P supply. Glutamine and aspartate were the main organic N compounds transported in the xylem sap of plants grown in low nitrate, whereas asparagine was the dominant N compound in xylem sap from plants grown in high nitrate. Nitrate reductase activity in roots was higher than in shoots of plants grown with low P and high N. In both soils and in the sand experiment, increased application of N decreased nodule mass and number, nitrogenase activity and xylem ureides but increased the concentration of asparagine in xylem sap. Increasing P nutrition improved symbiotic N # fixation in bean only at low N concentrations. It did not alleviate the inhibitory effect of high nitrate concentration on N # fixation. A decrease in plant P uptake was observed, as indicated by a lower concentration of P in the xylem sap and shoots, correlating with the amount of N supplied. Simultaneously with the specific inhibition of N # fixation, high nitrate concentrations might decrease P availability, thus inhibiting even further the symbiotic association because of the high P requirement for nodulation and N # fixation.

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“…Um melhor desenvolvimento inicial de leguminosas em razão do fornecimento de N mineral também foi observado em Stylosanthes humilis (Gates & Wilson, 1974), Sesbania rostrata (Becker et al, 1991) e Vigna unguiculata (Xavier et al, 2008). Tanto o IAF (Figura 1 C), quanto a massa de matéria seca da parte aérea (Figura 1 D), nas demais condições de dessecação parcial, tiveram comportamentos semelhantes, porém com menores valores.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Consórcio de milho com braquiária e guandu-anão em sistema de dessecação parcial

Oliveira¹,

Kluthcouski²,

Favarin

et al. 2011

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a viabilidade do consórcio de milho (Zea mays) cv. BRS 1035 com braquiária (Urochloa brizantha) e guandu-anão (Cajanus cajan), no sistema de dessecação parcial. Os experimentos foram realizados na safra de verão de 2008/2009, em Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO e Ipameri, GO, em blocos completos ao acaso, com cinco repetições. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de cultivos de milho, em consórcio com braquiária e guandu-anão, com a aplicação de nitrogênio mineral em cobertura, à emergência da cultura ou aos 20 dias após esse evento, com ou sem aplicação de subdose de herbicida à braquiária não dessecada. A viabilidade do sistema de dessecação parcial é dependente do manejo da adubação nitrogenada do milho ou do controle do crescimento da braquiária nas faixas não dessecadas.Termos para indexação: Brachiaria, Zea mays, culturas intercalares, curva de crescimento, índice de área foliar, produtividade. Maize intercropped with palisadegrass and pigeon pea in partial desiccation systemAbstract -The objective of this work was to assess the viability of maize (Zea mays) cultivar BRS 1035 intercropped with palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha) and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) in the partial desiccation system. The experiments were performed in the summer season of 2008/2009, in Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO and Ipameri, GO, Brazil, in a complete randomized block design, with five replicates. The treatments consisted of maize intercropped with palisadegrass and pigeon pea, with mineral nitrogen application on maize, on the day of its emergence, or 20 days after this event, with or without the application of a herbicide subdose on palisadegrass not desiccated. The viability of the partial desiccation system is dependent on the nitrogen fertilizer management of corn or on the growth control of nondesiccated palisadegrass rows.

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The interaction of nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth, nutrient status and nodulation of Stylosanthes humilis H.B.K. (townsville stylo)

Cited by 49 publications

References 6 publications

Investigation of the Role of Phosphorus in Symbiotic Dinitrogen Fixation

Investigation of the Role of Phosphorus in Symbiotic Dinitrogen Fixation

Nitrogen and phosphorus availability limit N₂ fixation in bean

Consórcio de milho com braquiária e guandu-anão em sistema de dessecação parcial

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The interaction of nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth, nutrient status and nodulation of Stylosanthes humilis H.B.K. (townsville stylo)

Cited by 49 publications

References 6 publications

Investigation of the Role of Phosphorus in Symbiotic Dinitrogen Fixation

Investigation of the Role of Phosphorus in Symbiotic Dinitrogen Fixation

Nitrogen and phosphorus availability limit N2 fixation in bean

Consórcio de milho com braquiária e guandu-anão em sistema de dessecação parcial

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Nitrogen and phosphorus availability limit N₂ fixation in bean