The interaction of standards and innovation: Hybrid photovoltaic–thermal collectors

Krämer, Korbinian; Helmers, Henning

doi:10.1016/j.solener.2013.08.042

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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Section: Weaknesses and Uncertaintiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some future research areas have been discussed by Michael, et al [112], including development of better adhesives, improved lamination methods, and the use of nanotechnology. Better certification and testing standards are also important for the PV/T market development [174].In the second case study, the comparison was based on the electric efficiency of the PV modules. This mode of comparison proved to be more robust.…”

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Embodied greenhouse gas emissions from PV systems in Norwegian residential Zero Emission Pilot Buildings

et al. 2016

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Printed by NTNU Grafisk senter i This thesis concerns the use of solar energy in energy efficient buildings. More precisely, the topic is photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) solar energy systems, and how these can be used to provide renewable energy in zero emission buildings. PV/T modules are a hybrid between photovoltaic (PV) modules and solar thermal collectors, and therefore generate electricity and thermal energy simultaneously. The objective of the thesis was to investigate the potential of PV/T systems to minimize the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of a residential building.The building sector accounts for around one third of the global energy use and about half of the electricity use, and is therefore a key area to focus on in the effort to mitigate climate change and to create more sustainable societies in the future. The environmental impact of buildings need to be lowered by reducing the energy demand during construction and operation, but also by replacing polluting energy sources with renewable ones. The European Union has demanded of its member states that all new buildings shall be nearly zero energy buildings by 2020.Solar energy is well-suited to use in buildings, and can supply electricity, lighting, heating, and cooling. Once installed, a solar energy system supplies energy without pollution, is silent, have few or no moving parts, and can also be integrated into the building itself. In order to do investigate how PV/T systems can best be used in buildings to minimize life cycle emissions, the systems have been studied both in terms of energy performance and in terms of greenhouse gas emissions.The main research method in this thesis has been simulation of solar energy systems in buildings. Using simulations, PV/T systems have been compared to other solar energy systems with separate PV modules and solar thermal collectors. The simulation studies were performed in the simulation programs Polysun and PVsyst, and were based on commercial solar energy products available on the current market. The use of heat pumps, air-source and ground-source, in combination with solar energy systems was also studied.Two case buildings, the ZEB residential concept and the Living Lab, have been used in the simulation studies. The buildings are two of the pilot buildings of the Norwegian Research Centre for Zero Emission Buildings (the ZEB Centre). Both buildings are single family residential buildings located in Central or Southern Norway, and are designed to meet the Norwegian passive house requirements.The embodied emissions of the solar energy systems were determined using elements of life cycle assessments (LCA). A review of previous research found few studies of the environmental impact of PV/T modules, especially using industrially produced modules. The embodied emissions of such a PV/T module was therefore determined in this thesis, based on a combination of data from databases and information from module producers. The embodied emissions of the case buildings and the other solar energy systems studied were d...

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Section: Weaknesses and Uncertaintiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Embodied greenhouse gas emissions from PV systems in Norwegian residential Zero Emission Pilot Buildings

et al. 2016

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“…The relation between standards and innovation, and the effect on market development, has been analyzed by Kramer and Helmers [21]. They find that the lack of standards and certifications is a strong barrier to market development.…”

Section: Market Drivers and Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Photovoltaic-thermal Systems in Buildings – A Review

et al. 2015

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This paper presents a review of projects where hybrid photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) systems are used in buildings. PV/T systems convert solar radiation to electricity and heat simultaneously, in one module. The output of both electricity and heat suggests that the technology can be suited for use in buildings, especially when the available area for installation is limited. The market and research activities related to PV/T technology has increased in recent years. This article adds to existing reviews on PV/T technology by focusing on the building perspective. Different strategies for the use of PV/T in buildings are discussed, and examples of building projects are presented. An attempt is also made to assess to suitability of different PV/T technologies for use in buildings. Finally, the regional variations in market and applications are discussed.

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“…Through technical innovation cooperation between cluster enterprises, to establish long-term and stable cooperative mechanism of the technological innovation, accordingly reduce the risk of R&D in the technological innovation activities. Based on the regional cooperation and industrial clusters, expanding new members of cluster, accelerating the formation of the cluster chain, and promoting the construction of technical standards system and intellectual property rights system, gradually developed into a integrated platform, which including related technologies, services and products [8]. Leading enterprises in cluster with core technology and products, with the matching of small and medium-sized enterprises to carry out R&D activities, making the mature technology effectively accumulated, and the formation of the intellectual property system, which make a contribute to creating factual standard.…”

Section: The Path For Technology Standards Innovation Under the Indusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovation Research on Business Technology Standards: In the Industrial Clusters Environment

Wu¹,

Li²

2015

Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Education, Management, Information and Medicine

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Abstract. Technology standards innovation is an important content to construct an innovative country, which played a significant role in transforming scientific and technological innovations into practical productive process. This paper is begin with the discussion of the characteristics of business technology standards under the industrial clusters environmental; and followed by making analysis to the present situation and existing problem about technology innovation, standardization system, standardization development, innovative talents, research and development funds and so on; finally, from the construction of technology standard alliance, the perfection of system, the innovation of operation mechanism , information management, and talent management, to catch up with the development of business technology innovation driving mode, which is under the industrial clusters environmental. That is to say, the innovation driving mode is dominated by innovative leading enterprises, which is based on professional technical service platform, accordingly to form a technical standard alliance even to build innovation system of technical standards.

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The interaction of standards and innovation: Hybrid photovoltaic–thermal collectors

Cited by 32 publications

References 6 publications

Embodied greenhouse gas emissions from PV systems in Norwegian residential Zero Emission Pilot Buildings

Embodied greenhouse gas emissions from PV systems in Norwegian residential Zero Emission Pilot Buildings

Hybrid Photovoltaic-thermal Systems in Buildings – A Review

Innovation Research on Business Technology Standards: In the Industrial Clusters Environment

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