The interactive effects of competition and predation risk on dispersal in an insect

Baines, Celina B.; McCauley, Shannon J.; Rowe, Locke

doi:10.1098/rsbl.2014.0287

Cited by 41 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This is consistent with previous studies of the effect of predation risk on dispersal, including similar studies conducted on N. undulata (McCauley and Rowe ; Baines et al. ). This result is predicted by general theory stating that individuals should maximize their fitness by moving away from poor‐quality or dangerous patches in favor of high‐quality, safe patches, as long as the benefits of leaving outweigh the costs of dispersal (Bonte et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Dispersal depends on body condition and predation risk in the semi‐aquatic insect,Notonecta undulata

Baines

McCauley

Rowe

2015

Ecology and Evolution

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Dispersal is the movement of organisms across space, which has important implications for ecological and evolutionary processes, including community composition and gene flow. Previous studies have demonstrated that dispersal is influenced by body condition; however, few studies have been able to separate the effects of body condition from correlated variables such as body size. Moreover, the results of these studies have been inconsistent with respect to the direction of the relationship between condition and dispersal. We examined whether body condition influences dispersal in backswimmers (Notonecta undulata). We also tested whether an interaction between body condition and predation risk (another proximate factor that influences dispersal) could contribute to the previously observed inconsistent relationship between condition and dispersal. We imposed diet treatments on backswimmers in the laboratory, and measured the effects of food availability on body condition and dispersal in the field. We found that dispersal was a positive function of body condition, which may have important consequences for population characteristics such as the rate of gene flow and population growth. However, the effects of body condition and predation risk were additive, not interactive, and therefore, our data do not support the hypothesis that the interaction between condition and predation risk contributes to the inconsistency in the results of previous condition-dependent dispersal studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Dispersal depends on body condition and predation risk in the semi‐aquatic insect,Notonecta undulata

Baines

McCauley

Rowe

2015

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Local conditions may thus select for increased (or decreased) foraging activity or predator avoidance strategies and indirectly modify dispersal propensity and disperser phenotypes. For instance, local predation risk induces important behavioral and morphological anti‐predator adaptations (Agrawal et al , Verdolin , Bestion et al ) altering individual departure from local habitat patches (Cronin et al , McCauley and Rowe , Cote et al , Baines et al , Bestion et al ). Among‐patch variation in local predation risk may therefore create a phenotypic divergence between populations on different patches (Dingemanse et al , Bell et al ); dispersers from populations with different local conditions (e.g.…”

Section: Evolution Of Trait Variance and Covariance With Dispersal Stmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of dispersal strategies and dispersal syndromes in fragmented landscapes

et al. 2016

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Habitat fragmentation, an important element of current global change, has profound repercussions on population and species extinction. Landscape fragmentation reduces individual movements between patches (i.e. dispersal) while such movements connecting patches enhance the persistence of metapopulations and metacommunities. Through the recognition of non‐random movements, dispersal has recently been recognized as a highly complex process. This complexity likely changes the predictions on the evolution of dispersal in spatially structured populations and communities. In this article, we emphasize the effects of fragmentation on the evolution of non‐random dispersal. Habitat fragmentation may shape local and global selective pressures acting on a large array of phenotypic traits known to covary with dispersal behaviors. On top of changes in dispersal propensity, habitat fragmentation could therefore modify dispersal syndromes (i.e. dispersers' phenotypic specializations). Habitat fragmentation often leads to spatial structuring of local conditions and consequently may lead to the evolution of different dispersal syndromes at the landscape scale. By neglecting impacts on dispersal syndromes, we might underestimate the impacts of fragmentation on a crucial biodiversity level for metapopulation and metacommunity functioning. We highlight a set of priorities for future empirical and theoretical work that together would provide the understanding of eco‐evolutionary dynamics of dispersal syndromes required for improving our ability to predict and manage spatially structured populations and communities.

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“…Flying ability has likely spread in most insect orders likely because it provides many advantageous functions. Flight allows insects to escape from ground predators, to predate other animals2, to explore new ecological niches inaccessible to terrestrial animals3, and to migrate—sometimes over very long distances—in the search of sex partners and new food sources, this increasing their dispersion4567.…”

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confidence: 99%

Free flight odor tracking in Drosophila: Effect of wing chemosensors, sex and pheromonal gene regulation

Houot

Gigot

Robichon

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The evolution of powered flight in insects had major consequences for global biodiversity and involved the acquisition of adaptive processes allowing individuals to disperse to new ecological niches. Flies use both vision and olfactory input from their antennae to guide their flight; chemosensors on fly wings have been described, but their function remains mysterious. We studied Drosophila flight in a wind tunnel. By genetically manipulating wing chemosensors, we show that these structures play an essential role in flight performance with a sex-specific effect. Pheromonal systems are also involved in Drosophila flight guidance: transgenic expression of the pheromone production and detection gene, desat1, produced low, rapid flight that was absent in control flies. Our study suggests that the sex-specific modulation of free-flight odor tracking depends on gene expression in various fly tissues including wings and pheromonal-related tissues.

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The interactive effects of competition and predation risk on dispersal in an insect

Cited by 41 publications

References 26 publications

Dispersal depends on body condition and predation risk in the semi‐aquatic insect,Notonecta undulata

Dispersal depends on body condition and predation risk in the semi‐aquatic insect,Notonecta undulata

Evolution of dispersal strategies and dispersal syndromes in fragmented landscapes

Free flight odor tracking in Drosophila: Effect of wing chemosensors, sex and pheromonal gene regulation

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