The interface between Au(111) and an ionic liquid

The interface between HOPG and 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium hexafluorophosphate

“…11,12,13 From the fundamental research point of view, the key point of studying metal | IL interfaces is the use of electrodes with well-defined surface structures in combination with high-purity ILs. In accordance with this statement, the interface of gold single crystals with a well-defined surface orientation was recently studied in 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIPF6); 14,15,16 in a home-made guanidinium-based IL; 17 and in 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BMITf2N). 18 In these studies the Faradaic reaction-free potential regions of the metal | IL electrodes were identified and characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), while electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was employed in order to determine the interfacial capacitance.…”

The interface between Au(100) and 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide

“…For the present system, Au(100) | BMITf 2 N, both circuits were applicable. Alternatively, the equivalent circuit of Figure 2.a was found to be appropriate for Au(100) | BMIPF 6 and Au(100) | BMITf 2 N; the circuit of Figure 2.b was definitely inappropriate for Au(100)|BMIPF 6 , but appropriate for Au(100)|BMITf 2 N, Au(111)|BMIPF 6 [16], Au(100)|guanidinium-based ILs [20], and also for the Au(111)| [EMI][FAP] 4 system [38]. The connection of the models and systems, just as the physical meaning of the W-and/or CPE-elements still remains an open issue.…”

“…Therefore, the key points of doing double-layer studies in ILs are the use of single crystal surfaces with well-defined structures and clean ILs. This is why we have studied mostly Au single crystals in a commercially available high-purity imidazolium salt, 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium-hexafluorophosphate (BMIPF 6 ) [16][17][18][19]. [ 16,17,18,19].…”

“…This is why we have studied mostly Au single crystals in a commercially available high-purity imidazolium salt, 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium-hexafluorophosphate (BMIPF 6 ) [16][17][18][19]. [ 16,17,18,19]. Apart from BMIPF 6 , we made experiments also with a home-made guanidinium-based IL [20]; while the results reported in this paper were obtained with an ionic liquid comprising the same imidazoliumbased cation as in BMIPF 6 , but in combination with the bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, Tf 2 N − anion (Figure 1).…”

Static Capacitance at the Electrochemical Liquid-liquid Interface Between Ionic Liquids and Eutectic Ga-In Alloy Measured Using the Pendant Drop Method

“…In contrast to the progress of the understanding of the EDL of ILs from the theoretical side, experimental confirmation of the predicted IL-peculiar behavior is not straightforward. It has been found, from studies using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), that C for the EDL of ILs has strong frequency dependence [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and shows potential hysteresis, 11,[19][20][21] both of which seem to result from the structural ordering of IL interface [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] and the ultraslow dynamics [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] of such ordered structure. These tendencies have hampered rigorous evaluation of C experimentally.…”