We have investigated the polariton characteristics of the photoluminescence (PL) due to exciton-exciton scattering at 10 K in a GaAs/AlAs multiple-quantum-well structure with the use of spatially-resolved PL spectroscopy. We found that the PL band from the exciton-exciton scattering, the so-called P emission, is detected only at spots along a sample edge which is spatially separated from an excitation spot. In contrast, the PL bands attributed to the exciton and biexciton were observed only at the excitation spot. Because the exciton-exciton scattering occurs at the excitation spot, the appearance of the spatially-separated P-emission spot demonstrates that the photon-like lower polariton, which is the final state of the exciton-exciton scattering process, propagates along the interface, leading to conversion to a photon. The spectral shape of the P-PL band detected at the spatially-separated spot exhibits a fringe pattern, which is quantitatively explained by the Fabry-Pérot interference originating from the spatial separation of the P-emission and excitation spots.