The Internal Diversification and Subgrouping Of Chatino

Abstract

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Otomanguean historical linguistics: Past, present, and prospects for the future

“…Several Otomanguean major subgroups have their internal subgrouping sketched out , and we have seen additional important contributions to the reconstruction of some of the families and their subgroups, especially Mixtec (Josserand, 1983), Zapotec (Benton, 1988;Fernández de Miranda, 1995;Kaufman, 2016b), Chinantec (Rensch, 1989), Trique (Matsukawa, 2005), and Chatino (Campbell, 2013Campbell & Cruz, 2010). These and future works should provide the basis for advancing the historical linguistics of the higher levels of the family.…”

“…Kaufman and Justeson (: 222) note that in “Mesoamerica, lexical borrowing among languages occurs at fairly low levels, so its occurrence reflects a serious amount of interaction,” which is what they claim for cases of borrowing from Mixe‐Zoquean into Zapotecan and other Mesoamerican languages under Olmec influence (Kaufman & Justeson, : 200). A couple of other reported cases involves proto‐Oto‐Pamean‐Chinantec words borrowed into proto‐Uto‐Aztecan (Hill, ) and Mixtec borrowings in Chatino (Campbell, : 414).…”

33. Valency classes in Zenzontepec Chatino

“…However, pCh *s > x / __ i in ZEN (Campbell 2013). First of all, the causative -u-x-īkáʔ 'tie up' has /x/, instead of /s/ or /t/, in position 1.…”

Otomanguean historical linguistics: Exploring the subgroups

“…Like Boas, they did not suggest further subgrouping. Campbell () presents 117 refined or new proto‐Chatino reconstructions, with tone (Campbell & Woodbury, ), and identifies four shared innovations that support Boas' Juquila and Yaitepec group (Eastern Chatino) and seven additional innovations shared between Eastern Chatino and Tataltepec, which form a higher‐level subgroup: Coastal Chatino. Campbell (In press) adds 68 additional reconstructions, and Campbell and Cruz () reconstruct proto‐Chatino numerals.…”

“…Several sound changes define Chatino as a group apart from Zapotec. The proto‐Zapotecan single and geminate consonant series (Swadesh, ) unconditionally merged in Chatino, and several other unconditioned changes occurred: * t > h , *s > t , *tʲ > t , and *ʃ > s (Kaufman, ), in counterfeeding orders (Campbell, ). Early Chatino also underwent several conditioned changes (Campbell, In press):…”