The internal pH of mast cell granules

Johnson, Robert G.; Carty, Sally E.; Fingerhood, B.J.; Scarpa, Antonio

doi:10.1016/0014-5793(80)81050-7

Cited by 94 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Hence, the formation of an electrical connection between the cell exterior and the inside of a secretory vesicle is the first among the three events and cannot be driven by granule swelling. (8). This dye was present in Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

Final steps in exocytosis observed in a cell with giant secretory granules.

Breckenridge¹,

Almers²

1987

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

231

145

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Secretion by single mast cells was studied in normal and beige mice, a mutant with grossly enlarged secretory vesicles or granules. During degranulation, the membrane capacitance increased in steps, as single secretory vesicles fused with the cell membrane. The average step size was 10 times larger in beige than in normal mice, in agreement with the different granule sizes measured microscopically in the two preparations. Following individual capacitance steps in beige mice, individual granules of the appropriate size were observed to swell rapidly. Capacitance steps are frequently followed by the stepwise loss of a fluorescent dye loaded into the vesicles. Stepwise capacitance increases were occasionally intermittent before they became permanent, indicating the existence of an early, reversible, and incomplete state of vesicle fusion. During such "capacitance flicker," loss of fluorescent dye from vesicles did not occur, suggesting that the earliest aqueous connection between vesicle interior and cell exterior is a narrow channel. Our results support the view that the reversible formation of such a channel, which we term the fusion pore, is an early step in exocytosis.

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mentioning

confidence: 91%

Final steps in exocytosis observed in a cell with giant secretory granules.

Breckenridge¹,

Almers²

1987

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

231

145

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“…Among preformed mediators, histamine is a primary amine synthesized from histidine in the Golgi apparatus, from where it is transported to the granule for storage in ionic association with the acidic residues of glycosaminoglycans side chains of heparin and proteinases [57,58] . The histamine content of mast cells dispersed from human lung and skin is similar at 2 to 5 pg/cell, and the stored histamine ranges from 10 to 12 µg/g in both tissues [53] .…”

Section: Mediatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key role of mast cells and their major secretory products in inflammatory bowel disease

He¹

2004

WJG

227

173

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Historically, mast cells were known as a key cell type involved in type I hypersensitivity. Until last two decades, this cell type was recognized to be widely involved in a number of non-allergic diseases including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Markedly increased numbers of mast cells were observed in the mucosa of the ileum and colon of patients with IBD, which was accompanied by great changes of the content in mast cells such as dramatically increased expression of TNFα, IL-16 and substance P. The evidence of mast cell degranulation was found in the wall of intestine from patients with IBD with immunohistochemistry technique. The highly elevated histamine and tryptase levels were detected in mucosa of patients with IBD, strongly suggesting that mast cell degranulation is involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. However, little is known of the actions of histamine, tryptase, chymase and carboxypeptidase in IBD. Over the last decade, heparin has been used to treat IBD in clinical practice. The low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) was effective as adjuvant therapy, and the patients showed good clinical and laboratory response with no serious adverse effects. The roles of PGD2, LTC4, PAF and mast cell cytokines in IBD were also discussed. Recently, a series of experiments with dispersed colon mast cells suggested there should be at least two pathways in man for mast cells to amplify their own activationdegranulation signals in an autocrine or paracrine manner. The hypothesis is that mast cell secretogogues induce mast cell degranulation, release histamine, then stimulate the adjacent mast cells or positively feedback to further stimulate its host mast cells through H 1 receptor. Whereas released tryptase acts similarly to histamine, but activates mast cells through its receptor PAR-2. The connections between current anti-IBD therapies or potential therapies for IBD with mast cells were discussed, implicating further that mast cell is a key cell type that is involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. In conclusion, while pathogenesis of IBD remains unclear, the key role of mast cells in this group of diseases demonstrated in the current review implicates strongly that IBD is a mast cell associated disease. Therefore, close attentions should be paid to the role of mast cells in IBD.He SH. Key role of mast cells and their major secretory products in inflammatory bowel disease.

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“…The pH sensitive dye 9-amino acridine (9-AA or quinacrine) has been used to determine the intracellular pH of mast cell granules (26). This basic molecule accumulates in acidic compartments, such as secretory granules or lysosomes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Monitoring of Cytosolic Free Calcium and Exocytosis at the Single Cell Level

Chiavaroli

Vacher

Vecsey

et al. 1991

J Neuroendocrinology

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Quinacrine, a fluorescent basic molecule, accumulates in secretory granules of pituitary cells, as was revealed by its colocalization with immunoreactive prolactin. Thus quinacrine fluorescence may be used to monitor secretory activity at the single cell level. Rat pituitary cells in primary culture were loaded with quinacrine and stimulated with physiological secretagogues, such as thyrotrophin-releasing hormone or bradykinin, which induced a multiphasic lowering of fluorescence, corresponding to the loss of quinacrine contained in exocytosed granules. Quinacrine was further used in combination with the fluorescent calcium probe fura-2, in order to monitor simultaneously exocytosis and variations in the cytosolic free calcium concentration,

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The internal pH of mast cell granules

Cited by 94 publications

References 18 publications

Final steps in exocytosis observed in a cell with giant secretory granules.

Final steps in exocytosis observed in a cell with giant secretory granules.

Key role of mast cells and their major secretory products in inflammatory bowel disease

Simultaneous Monitoring of Cytosolic Free Calcium and Exocytosis at the Single Cell Level

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