The international rice trade

Roche, Julian

doi:10.1016/b978-1-85573-098-4.50010-8

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Underlying the rhetoric of globalization and a borderless world are tensions and conflicts derived from the rigidity of political borders despite the dynamism of economic cooperation and social interdependence, especially in staple food products such as rice that projects food security across the region. 9 The global rice market is a thin, segmented, and imperfect market with a limited number of buyers and sellers, with unpredictable levels and sources of demand, leading to instability and uncertainty (Roche, 1992: 1-2). There are an estimated 110 countries that produce rice, but only a few participate in the export market and only 6.3% of global rice production is traded internationally.…”

Section: The Dynamics Of Rice Supply and Smuggling Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

The Routledge Handbook of Smuggling

Gallien¹,

Weigand²

2021

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Section: The Dynamics Of Rice Supply and Smuggling Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

The Routledge Handbook of Smuggling

Gallien¹,

Weigand²

2021

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“…Rice can be broadly classified by shape and size (short‐, medium‐, and long‐grain), the amylose/amylopectin ratio, and sticky/flaky texture (Adair et al, ; Denardin, Boufleur, Reckziegel, Silva, & Walter, ). In Northeast Asia, sticky short‐grain rice is preferable, whereas flaky long‐grain is favored in the Western world (Roche, ). Accordingly, the stickiness is a critical property in cooked rice texture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of cooked rice stickiness with consideration of contact area in compression test

Yang

Park

Jang

et al. 2018

Journal of Texture Studies

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The cooked rice stickiness is conventionally measured as the maximum detachment force required to separate the probe from the sample, after compression on the platform of a texture analyzer. A corrected stickiness (the measured stickiness force divided by the contact area) was newly created to avoid the deviation of stickiness influenced by the contact area varying with the rice sample's irregularity, regarding shape and size. The contact area could be estimated from the volume, density, and thickness of the samples. The compression force triggering the stickiness was also converted to the corrected compression force (the force divided by the contact area). Two varieties of rice (short‐grain rice and glutinous rice) were cooked with different amount of water to prepare the samples with various stickiness levels. The contact area was mostly higher in the glutinous rice than short‐grain rice. The contact area increased with the cooking water amount. Three parameters were compared such as the stickiness (the measured force), the primarily corrected stickiness (the corrected stickiness at a fixed value of compression force), and the secondarily corrected stickiness (the corrected stickiness at a fixed value of the corrected compression force). The difference between the rice samples was the most pronounced in the secondarily corrected stickiness. The correlation between the instrumental and sensorial stickiness was also the highest in the secondarily corrected stickiness. Conclusively, the new corrected parameters enhanced the sample discrimination capability and the agreement with the sensorial stickiness than the uncorrected stickiness. Practical applications Stickiness is the important quality factor associated with cooked rice preferences. Instrumental stickiness is a detaching force of the preliminarily compressed rice grain by cylindrical probe of texture testing equipment. When it comes to a force measurement, the contact area is usually considered to convert the force to stress. But, for the samples like cooked rice grain, with smaller contact area than that of probe, the contact area is not easy to know because it is not simply the probe bottom area. So the contact area had not been employed to measure cooked rice stickiness. In this study, an established method was devised to figure out the contact area. The corrected stickiness by considering the contact area proved to be more accurate than the original stickiness through sensory evaluation.

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“…This is attributed to the impact of more profitable industrial crops such as palm oil and coconut, competition arising from the trade liberation driven by globalization and the implementation of the asean Free Trade Agreement (afTa), and urbanization. 15 It is no wonder that the Malaysian government deems rice a security issue, not only because it is the staple food for most Malaysians, but also because of their high dependence on international imports, which exposes the state's vulnerability in case of international political, economic, and naturebased turmoil. In fact, Malaysia has experienced such lessons many times in history due to wars, depressions, and natural disasters.…”

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Rice Trade and Chinese Rice Millers in the Late-Nineteenth and Early-Twentieth Centuries

An¹

2011

Chinese Circulations

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Rice is currently the second-largest-produced cereal in the world, and about 90 percent of the world's rice production and consumption, 50 percent of imports, and 72 percent of exports are concentrated in Asia. The global riceexport market is also very concentrated, although it consists of only 5 percent of total rice production. In line with postwar political and economic changes, many Asian countries have implemented rice self-sufficiency policies, while China and the United States have emerged as the two most important rice exporters. Over the last decade, Thailand was the largest exporter, accounting for around 25 percent of global trade. Vietnam ranked second (around 17 percent), and the United States was third (around 12 percent). China (4th), India, Pakistan, and Myanmar (10th) were also major exporters.1 Within Southeast Asia, among the top rice-importing countries currently are Indonesia (1st), Philippines (8th), and Malaysia (9th).2Historically, mainland Southeast Asia has been the major world rice exporter, with the rice-export market centered on three delta areas-the Irrawaddy in Burma, the Chao Phraya in Thailand, and the Mekong in Vietnam. As with other agricultural products such as pepper and other spices, regional and long-distance trade in rice and other commodities has always existed.3 However, it was not until the 1850s that these delta areas started to emerge as major world rice-export centers, driven by the colonial expansion, the increasing demand (initially from Europe and later from India and Japan), the flows of immigrant labor, infrastructure improvement, and technological advancement. Besides faster demographic growth, one outstanding feature of Southeast Asia is that domestically, a clear division of labor was organized in line with ethnic boundaries. The indigenous people of Burma, Thailand,

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The international rice trade

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

The Routledge Handbook of Smuggling

The Routledge Handbook of Smuggling

Measurement of cooked rice stickiness with consideration of contact area in compression test

Rice Trade and Chinese Rice Millers in the Late-Nineteenth and Early-Twentieth Centuries

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