The interplay of geomorphic processes and soil development in an upland environment, Calabria, South Italy

Scarciglia, Fabio; Pera, Emilia Le; Vecchio, Giuseppe; Critelli, Salvatore

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2005.01.003

Cited by 38 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…It consists of wide, dissected limbs of paleosurfaces (relict planation landforms) cut across the crystalline basement rocks and the sedimentary cover (e.g., Sorriso-Valvo, 1993;Molin et al, 2004), and displaced by tectonics above the present base-level at elevation ranges of 800-1700 m asl. Terraced fluvial and lacustrine deposits of Pleistocene age (ranging in size from gravels and sands to silts and clays, respectively) are morphologically entrenched within the older paleosurface landforms (e.g., Scarciglia et al, 2005). The main fault systems controlling the morphostructural evolution of this area are related to the main regional-scale tectonic structures and alignments (Van Dijk et al, 2000;Galli & Bosi, 2003;Tansi et al, 2007).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…2) (Lulli and Vecchio, 2000;ARSSA, 2003;Scarciglia et al, 2005), despite the homogeneous bedrock and related sediments derived from the weathering of granite materials. This variability can be ascribed to the different response of soil-forming processes to relief characteristics (strongly controlled by tectonic history) and associated morphodynamic processes, climatic oscillations throughout the Pleistocene and the Holocene, vegetation cover and land-use changes often influenced by man's practices, and intrinsic erodibility factors of soil types according to their specific properties and substrata.…”

Section: Soil Description and Mineralogical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, more developed but often buried and truncated Alfisols (USDA, 2006), exhibiting thick, rubified, argillic horizons (derived from clay illuviation into the subsoil) are limitedly preserved (usually below soils surface with different features) in the Cecita Lake surroundings. They testify for a different (pedo)climatic regime occurring in the past and for subsequent intense erosion (Lulli and Vecchio, 2000;Scarciglia et al, 2005).…”

Section: Soil Description and Mineralogical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…to Holocene high-energy volcanic eruptions from the Aeolian Islands. This material partly led to the neogenesis of some short-range order aluminosilicates (poorly-crystalline clay minerals), in turn producing the andic-like appearance of these soil horizons (Scarciglia et al, 2005(Scarciglia et al, , 2008.…”

Section: Soil Description and Mineralogical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural radioactivity levels (K, Th, U and Rn) in the Cecita Lake area (Sila Massif, Calabria, Southern Italy): An attempt to discover correlations with soil features on a statistical base

Buccianti¹,

Apollaro²,

Bloise³

et al. 2009

Geoderma

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Soils can exhibit a complex range of physical, mineralogical, and chemical features depending on many interrelated factors such as parental rock composition and mineralogy, climate, topography, vegetation amounts and types, water infiltration versus runoff, soil moisture, organic matter, presence and types of anthropogenic contaminants, and many others. Radioactivity as measured on these complex systems is consequently perturbed by several mixed effects. In order to find out a possible (potential) relationship among soil properties and experimental data attributable to radioactivities of K, Th, U and Rn a detailed investigation has been performed in the Cecita Lake basin (Sila Grande, Calabria, Southern Italy). Most of the soil types outcropping in the Cecita Lake surroundings belong to the Entisol and Inceptisol orders [USDA (United States Department of Agriculture), 2006. Keys to Soil Taxonomy. 10th edit., USDA, Soil Survey Staff, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Washington D.C., 333 pp.], representing relatively young, poorly to moderately differentiated soils, showing features strongly dependent on the nature of the parent rock and the climatic conditions. Disintegrations contributed by K, Th, U and Rn measured respectively in % (K), ppm (U and Th) and kBq/m 3 (Rn), have been related to 13 a priori known soil unit groups with well-defined general features and spatial position. The data have been analysed by using graphical and numerical statistical procedures able to manage compositional data in a correct sample space. The paper summarises the results of this research and highlights the conclusions drawn from these investigations, particularly concerning i) the modelling of the high U variability, a behaviour that tends to homogenise the differences potentially attributable to soil features, with the exception of situations where uranium could be enriched due to adsorption onto iron oxi-hydroxides and/or clay minerals or concentrated in argillic horizons due to illuviation; ii) the discovering of the discriminative effect of the K/Th ratio values, particularly for soil groups where Th behaviour, as other tetravalent actinides, is strongly affected by the presence of mineral colloids or where the presence of clays affects the trapping of K; iii) the clustering of the a priori known soil groups in four new sets characterised by internal similarities for Rn values for which the morphology appears to be the most important discriminative effect.

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Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Soil Description and Mineralogical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil Description and Mineralogical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil Description and Mineralogical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Natural radioactivity levels (K, Th, U and Rn) in the Cecita Lake area (Sila Massif, Calabria, Southern Italy): An attempt to discover correlations with soil features on a statistical base

Buccianti¹,

Apollaro²,

Bloise³

et al. 2009

Geoderma

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“…Several studies have addressed the relation of soil formation and weathering [e.g. (Dubroeucq et al, 1998;Scarciglia et al, 2005;Webb and Girty, 2016)]. During soil formation, weathering of parent rock may generate mineral weathering, and thus the chemical process of weathering will transform primary minerals of the rocks into secondary minerals that may be formed in a pedogenic environment (Su et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Approach to Soil Formation in the Transitional Landscape Zone: Weathering and Alteration of Parent Rocks

Pulungan

Sartohadi

2018

Journal of Environments

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Background and Objectives: Many studies have addressed the relation of soil formation and weathering. However, in the transitional landscape zone the soil formation is resulting not only from weathering process but also from alteration of parent rocks. The comparison of soil formation rates due to both processes is not studied yet. In Java, a transitional landscape zone is widely formed, and causes different types of soil formation in particular areas. The objective of this study was to compare the common concept of parent rock weathering with the concept of parent rock alteration in the soil formation. Materials and Methods: Purposive soil sampling was applied to collect the soils derived from weathering process and alteration. Laboratory analyses were applied to assess physical and chemical properties of soils. XRPD and XRF analyses were also conducted for mineralogical analysis. Results: The results showed that soil on weathered materials had brownish to grayish color, less than 30% of clay, 20-70 meq/100gr of CEC, 1.8-4.3% of organic matter, medium to high cation bases and base saturation. While soils on altered materials showed reddish to orange color, contained more than 60% of clay, <10meq/100 gr of CEC,1.4-2% of organic matter, and very low cation bases and base saturation. Difference of mineral properties of soil developed on weathered-and altered materialswas shown by the presence of hematite. XRF results showed that weathered materials contained by SiO2> Fe2O3> Al2O3, however, altered materials contained by SiO2> Al2O3> Fe2O3. Conclusion: It was concluded that in the transitional landscape zone, the soil formation was not always started by parent rock weathering. Weathering process resulted in top down process of soil formation. Alteration resulted in two processes of soil formation (bottom-up and top-down).

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Climate and relief‐induced controls on the temporal variability of denudation rates in a granitic upland

Raab

Egli

Norton

et al. 2019

Earth Surf Processes Landf

Self Cite

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How soil erosion rates evolved over the last about 100 ka and how they relate to environmental and climate variability is largely unknown. This is due to a lack of suitable archives that help to trace this evolution. We determined in situ cosmogenic beryllium‐10 (10Be) along vertical landforms (tors, boulders and scarps) on the Sila Massif to unravel their local exhumation patterns to develop a surface denudation model over millennia. Due to the physical resistance of tors, their rate of exhumation may be used to derive surface and, thus, soil denudation rates over time. We derived soil denudation rates that varied in the range 0–0.40 mm yr‐1. The investigated boulders, however, appear to have experienced repositioning processes about ~20–25 ka bp and were therefore a less reliable archive. The scarps of the Sila upland showed a rapid bedrock exposure within the last 8–15 ka. Overall, the denudation rates increased steadily after 75 ka bp but remained low until about 17 ka bp. The exhumation rates indicate a denudation pulse that occurred about 17–5 ka bp. Since then the rates have continuously decreased. We identify three key factors for these developments – climate, topography and vegetation. Between 75 and 17 ka bp, climate was colder and drier than today. The rapid changes towards warmer and humid conditions at the Pleistocene–Holocene transition apparently increased denudation rates. A denser vegetation cover with time counteracted denudation. Topography also determined the extent of denudation rates in the upland regime. On slopes, denudation rates were generally higher than on planar surfaces. By determining the exhumation rates of tors and scarps, soil erosion rates could be determined over long timescales and be related to topography and particularly to climate. This is key for understanding geomorphic dynamics under current environmental settings and future climate change. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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The interplay of geomorphic processes and soil development in an upland environment, Calabria, South Italy

Cited by 38 publications

References 39 publications

Natural radioactivity levels (K, Th, U and Rn) in the Cecita Lake area (Sila Massif, Calabria, Southern Italy): An attempt to discover correlations with soil features on a statistical base

Natural radioactivity levels (K, Th, U and Rn) in the Cecita Lake area (Sila Massif, Calabria, Southern Italy): An attempt to discover correlations with soil features on a statistical base

New Approach to Soil Formation in the Transitional Landscape Zone: Weathering and Alteration of Parent Rocks

Climate and relief‐induced controls on the temporal variability of denudation rates in a granitic upland

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