The interplay of personality and attitudes toward own aging across two decades of later life

Kornadt, Anna Elena; Siebert, Jelena; Wahl, Hans‐Werner

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0223622

Cited by 41 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The role of higher levels of Conscientiousness in old age is equally ambiguous. They were associated with more positive attitudes toward own aging ( 47 ), increased well-being ( 48 ), and more favorable biomedical markers of health status ( 49 ) but also increased late-onset suicide attempts ( 50 ), decreased benefit of mental demands at workplace ( 51 ), and increased exposure to mental health problems ( 52 ). Unlike Neuroticism, high levels of Agreeableness and Conscientiousness were frequently considered as positive characteristics in the course of adult life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Factors' Impact on the Structural Integrity of Mentalizing Network in Old Age: A Combined PET-MRI Study

et al. 2020

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The mentalizing network (MN) treats social interactions based on our understanding of other people's intentions and includes the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), temporoparietal junction (TPJ), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), precuneus (PC), and amygdala. Not all elders are equally affected by the aging-related decrease of mentalizing abilities. Personality has recently emerged as a strong determinant of functional connectivity in MN areas. However, its impact on volumetric changes across the MN in brain aging is still unknown. To address this issue, we explored the determinants of volume decrease in MN components including amyloid burden, personality, and APOE genotyping in a previously established cohort of 130 healthy elders with a mean follow-up of 54 months. Personality was assessed with the Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Personality Inventory-Revised. Regression models corrected for multiple comparisons were used to identify predictors of volume loss including time, age, sex, personality, amyloid load, presence of APOE epsilon 4 allele, and cognitive evolution. In cases with higher Agreeableness scores, there were lower volume losses in PCC, PC, and amygdala bilaterally. This was also the case for the right mPFC in elders displaying lower Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. In multiple regression models, the effect of Agreeableness was still observed in left PC and right amygdala and that of Conscientiousness was still observed in right mPFC volume loss (26.3% of variability, significant age and sex). Several Agreeableness (Modesty) and Conscientiousness (order, dutifulness, achievement striving, and self-discipline) facets were positively related to increased volume loss in cortical components of the MN. In conclusion, these data challenge the beneficial role of higher levels of Agreeableness and Conscientiousness in old age, showing that they are associated with an increased rate of volume loss within the MN.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Factors' Impact on the Structural Integrity of Mentalizing Network in Old Age: A Combined PET-MRI Study

et al. 2020

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“…However, the ATOA and other awareness-of-ageing-processes studies, if we would use them as a proxy to put our results into the broader context, bring very similar results. Konradt, Siebert and Wahl [ 25 ] have found ATOA to be substantially correlated with sociodemographic and health variables in their study of midlife and later life cohorts in Germany. As already mentioned earlier, the optimism in ageing perception has been linked to health, and even mortality, in several longitudinal studies [ 21 , 24 , 28 , 53 , 54 , 57 ], which supports our finding that subjective health is an important covariate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Open for further study is also the developmental dynamics of attitudes and experiences building up the resulting morale (cf. [ 25 ]). Last, but not least, the correlation between our POLA scale and the original PGCM and ATOA scales should be calculated using datasets in which all necessary variables are available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, many variants have been proposed with fewer factors [ 17 ] or items, including, for example, seventeen- [ 18 ], fifteen- [ 19 ], or eleven-item variants [ 20 ]. Several studies have also used just one subscale of the PGCM, the five-item Attitude Towards Own Ageing (ATOA), as a stand-alone measure to study the self-perception of ageing as an important indicator of both subjective and more objective later life conditions and outcomes [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scaling Down the PGCM Scale to Assess Views on Ageing More Efficiently: Finding a New Alternative

Doseděl

Menšíková

Vidovičová

2020

IJERPH

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The aim of the study is to present a new and efficient way of measuring the quality of life among older populations, with special attention to morale, positive outlook on life and ageing. The measure is based on the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale (PGCM), originally consisting of 22 items. The growing numbers and proportions of older people among European populations has increased the need to obtain more reliable data on their needs, values, life experiences and overall quality of life. Using data from six surveys conducted in the Czech Republic, we have formulated a three-item positive outlook on life and ageing (POLA) scale. Our analyses are divided into three steps: (1) constructing the scale and testing its internal consistency; (2) testing the scale’s external validity using mean comparisons and correlation coefficients; and (3) determining the factors affecting a positive outlook on later life, such as gender and education. We have confirmed that the three-item approach to measuring positive outlook on ageing as a part of morale is highly applicable to surveys, producing compelling results in assessing important quality-of-life sub-concepts, such as subjective health, subjective age, and loneliness.

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“…As covariates, we included the Big Five personality traits (openness, agreeableness, neuroticism, conscientiousness, and extraversion) as assessed with the 10-item short version of the Big Five Inventory [ 34 ], since personality traits have been associated with gait (e.g., gait speed [ 24 ] and walking limitations [ 25 ]) as well as objective physical function [ 35 ] in other studies. In addition, personality traits partly shape SPA [ 36 ] and both constructs are distal correlates of physical function. We thus controlled for personality to investigate unique associations of SPA with gait patterns.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Domain-specific self-perceptions of aging are associated with different gait patterns in older adults: a cross-sectional latent profile analysis

et al. 2021

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Background Previous studies have pointed to the impact of self-perceptions of aging (SPA) on self-reported physical function in later life. However, less is known about associations of SPA with objectively measured physical function, especially gait. Research that examined other psychological variables and objectively measured gait has focused on single gait parameters such as gait speed, which seems to fall short for the complexity of this movement. Some approaches have proposed ways to identify gait patterns in specific patient groups, but not in community samples. Our goal was (a) to identify gait patterns based on a combination of important gait parameters in a community sample, and (b) to investigate differential associations of gain- and loss-related SPA with these gait patterns. Methods The study used an electronic walkway to assess gait parameters of 150 community dwelling adults aged 71–93 years (61.0% women) at their usual and maximum gait speed. SPA were assessed with a questionnaire. We used latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify groups exhibiting distinct gait patterns and binary logistic regression to investigate associations of SPA with these groups, controlling for personality traits, number of illnesses, age, gender, and education. To compare overall function between groups, a t-test for scores in the Short Physical Performance Battery was used. Results LPA revealed two distinct groups in both gait speed conditions. The fit group exhibited a stable, well-coordinated and faster gait pattern, while the functionally limited group’s gait pattern was less stable, less coordinated and slower. The odds of belonging to the functionally limited group were increased by loss-related SPA at usual gait speed, while the odds of belonging to the fit group were increased by gain-related SPA at individual maximum speed. Conclusions The findings (a) suggest LPA as a useful approach to investigate complex gait patterns considering several gait parameters simultaneously, and (b) provide first evidence for differential associations of gain- and loss-related SPA with gait patterns at usual and maximum gait speed. Intervention studies addressing gait in older adults should additionally address gain-related views on aging.

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The interplay of personality and attitudes toward own aging across two decades of later life

Cited by 41 publications

References 66 publications

Personality Factors' Impact on the Structural Integrity of Mentalizing Network in Old Age: A Combined PET-MRI Study

Personality Factors' Impact on the Structural Integrity of Mentalizing Network in Old Age: A Combined PET-MRI Study

Scaling Down the PGCM Scale to Assess Views on Ageing More Efficiently: Finding a New Alternative

Domain-specific self-perceptions of aging are associated with different gait patterns in older adults: a cross-sectional latent profile analysis

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