2010
DOI: 10.2110/palo.2009.p09-130r
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The Intersection Grid Technique for Quantifying the Extent of Bioturbation on Bedding Planes

Abstract: The character and quantity of bioturbation preserved on bedding-plane exposures reflect a number of interrelated factors, including sediment accumulation rate, oxygen availability, and benthic community composition. In order to effectively document and compare bioturbation data from bedding planes, precise quantitative methods are needed. Here we present the intersection grid method, a quantitative presence/absencebased technique for accurately and efficiently estimating the percentage bioturbation on bedding-… Show more

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Cited by 15 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…timeenvironment matrix) meaningful in the case of simple ichnofabrics more accurate characterization of composite ichnofabrics because the different indexes consider not only burrow density, but the amount of burrow overlap and the sharpness of the original fabric commonly used in conjunction with analysis of tiering structure, evaluation of taphonomic filters, ichnoguild characterization, and ichnofabric constituent diagrams all metrics proposed based on a measurement of the percentage area bioturbated, but bioturbation should be measured as a unit volume per unit time estimations may be problematic if colonization surface is not located [19][20][21] bedding-plane bioturbation index (BP-BI) visual estimation of density of trace fossils on these horizontal surfaces with the aid of flashcards particularly suitable for the analysis of shallow-tier to superficial trace fossils preserved along lithological interfaces (e.g. most Ediacaran-Fortunian) important to assess synecological aspects of benthic faunas useful synergies if combined with methods developed to evaluate the degree of patchiness in horizontal distribution of trace fossils in strict sense not a real metric of degree of bioturbation, which typically implies disruption of the sedimentary fabric [22][23][24] (Continued. )…”
Section: The Link Between Trace Fossils Behaviour and Ecosystem Engineeringmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…timeenvironment matrix) meaningful in the case of simple ichnofabrics more accurate characterization of composite ichnofabrics because the different indexes consider not only burrow density, but the amount of burrow overlap and the sharpness of the original fabric commonly used in conjunction with analysis of tiering structure, evaluation of taphonomic filters, ichnoguild characterization, and ichnofabric constituent diagrams all metrics proposed based on a measurement of the percentage area bioturbated, but bioturbation should be measured as a unit volume per unit time estimations may be problematic if colonization surface is not located [19][20][21] bedding-plane bioturbation index (BP-BI) visual estimation of density of trace fossils on these horizontal surfaces with the aid of flashcards particularly suitable for the analysis of shallow-tier to superficial trace fossils preserved along lithological interfaces (e.g. most Ediacaran-Fortunian) important to assess synecological aspects of benthic faunas useful synergies if combined with methods developed to evaluate the degree of patchiness in horizontal distribution of trace fossils in strict sense not a real metric of degree of bioturbation, which typically implies disruption of the sedimentary fabric [22][23][24] (Continued. )…”
Section: The Link Between Trace Fossils Behaviour and Ecosystem Engineeringmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Bioturbation intensity was quantified by digitally point-counting trace fossils on slabs, using 10 × 10 cm grids which were superimposed in Adobe Photoshop. Bedding-plane bioturbation percentage was calculated by dividing the number of point-counts by the total number of grid-intersection points (see [50,51]). For slabs larger than 100 cm 2 , multiple grids were randomly placed until the majority of the slab was covered, and an average value was taken from all of the grids.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Bedding plane bioturbation index.-In order to quantitatively measure and compare the intensities of benthic biological activity in the early Cambrian, the bedding plane bioturbation index (BPBI) (Miller and Smail, 1997;Marenco and Bottjer, 2010) was used. Large bedding planes with ichnofossils were photographed, and the density of the ichnofossils was calculated by the number of pixels they occupy within the bedding plane surface.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%