The Intersection of Age and Gender

Krekula, Clary

doi:10.1177/0011392107073299

Cited by 246 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This might be due to the higher awareness and sensitivity to social inequality issues sometimes attributed to women (Palmore 2001). At the same time, these results confirm the vast literature on ''double jeopardy'' or ''gendered ageism'' experienced by women, where two types of discrimination, based on age and gender, can be intertwined and strengthen each other (Krekula 2007;Macnicol 2006;Sontag 1972;Walker et al 2007). However, when checked for other variables, gender differences remained significant only in the case of hard discrimination.…”

Section: Discussion Hard and Soft Discriminationsupporting

confidence: 76%

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Hard and soft age discrimination: the dual nature of workplace discrimination

2017

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The paper concentrates on the problem of age discrimination in the labour market and the way it can be conceptualised and measured in a multi-disciplinary way. The approach proposed here combines two understandings of age discrimination-a sociological and legal one, what allows for a fuller and expanded understanding of ageism in the workplace. At the heart of the study is a survey carried out in Poland with a sample of 1000 men and women aged 45-65 years. The study takes a deeper and innovative look into the issue of age discrimination in employment. Confirmatory factor analysis with WLSMV estimation and logistic regressions were used to test the hypotheses. The study shows that age discrimination in labour market can take on different forms: hard and soft, where the hard type of age discrimination mirrors the legally prohibited types of behaviours and those which relate to the actual decisions of employers which can impact on the employee's career development. The soft discrimination corresponds with those occurrences, which are not inscribed in the legal system per se, are occurring predominantly in the interpersonal sphere, but can nevertheless have negative consequences. Soft discrimination was experienced more often (28.6% of respondents) than hard discrimination (15.7%) with higher occurrences among women, persons in precarious job situation or residents of urban areas. The role of education was not confirmed to influence the levels of perceived age discrimination.

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Section: Discussion Hard and Soft Discriminationsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…As plethora of studies showed age discrimination more often affects women (Duncan and Loretto 2004;Krekula 2007;Lincoln and Allen 2004) and persons of lower educational attainment (van den Heuvel and van Santvoort 2011). Ageism operates also differently across the life course (Bytheway 2005).…”

Section: Explaining Age Discrimination: Socio-demographic and Occupatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hard and soft age discrimination: the dual nature of workplace discrimination

2017

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“…Although research on men's embodiment is now growing, the study of masculinities as men age remains in its infancy (Calasanti 2010, Tarrant 2014, Thompson 2007. Originating within feminist gerontology, a limited body of work has theorised age and gender as intersecting processes (Calasanti 2005, King and Calasanti 2013, Krekula 2007, Tarrant 2014. Studies have explored commonalities in men's ageing such as grandfatherhood (Scraton and Holland 2006), widowhood (Bennett 2007) and the provision of spousal care (Russell 2007), yet the embodiment of gender and ageing within chronic illness remains under-studied (Hurd Clarke andBennett 2013, McVittie andWillock 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ageing, masculinity and Parkinson's disease: embodied perspectives

Gibson

Kierans

2016

Sociology Health & Illness

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Parkinson's disease (PD) presents as an illness which predominantly affects older men. However older men's lived experiences of PD, including how they are influenced by age and gender relations has seen little empirical study. Drawing on Watson's male body schema, this paper explores how men engage with masculinities and ageing in order to make sense and meaning from PD. Data is presented from 30 narrative and semi structured interviews with 15 men of various ages who were living with PD. Findings suggest that PD threatens a visceral embodiment located in the body's basic movements and intimate functions; a pragmatic embodiment expressed through men's everyday occupations and an experiential embodiment concerned with emotions and sensations felt within and through the body. In addition, each dimension of men's embodiment also intersected with the ageing process, a process also shaped in turn by broader social and cultural concerns regarding the positions and possibilities of men's lives as they move through the life course. This paper concludes by discussing the implications of gender and ageing in understanding men's experiences of PD.

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“…This fleshy, social body is central to the understanding of subjectivity in, for example, phenomenology, feminist studies, and postphenomenology. Subjectivities are embodied in the materiality of the body (the flesh), and bodies are embedded in relation to other bodies and the world (the social) [24, 29–31]. Subjectivity/identity is made possible precisely by the intercorporeal connections that all human beings sustain with each other [30].…”

Section: Ageing Bodies As “Social Flesh”mentioning

confidence: 99%

Welfare Technologies and Ageing Bodies: Various Ways of Practising Autonomy

Dahler

2018

Rehabilitation Research and Practice

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Contemporary policy strategies frame welfare technologies as a solution for welfare states facing the challenges of demographic change. Technologies are supposed to reduce or substitute the work of care workers and thereby reduce attrition among their ranks, reduce costs, and at the same make elderly people self-reliant and independent. In this paper, it is suggested that this way of framing how welfare technologies work with elderly people holds an instrumental view of technologies as well as of bodies and needs to be challenged. Drawing on an STS (Science Technology Studies) understanding of the constituting role of technology in people's lives, the guiding question in this study is how autonomy is practised in the lives of elderly people using welfare technologies. The study is based on interviews with eight elderly citizens in a Danish municipality who have been provided with a wash toilet and often also other technologies as part of their welfare service package. The study shows how autonomy is practised in various ways, how autonomy is practised in specific areas of life linked to the specific life story and body of the elderly citizen, how autonomy is situational as it is practised in specific situations during the day/week, and how autonomy is relational as it is practised in relation to specific persons and things and with specific persons and things. Implications of these findings are discussed in relation to the implementation of welfare technology as well as forms of governance appropriate for embodied elderly citizens and technologies.

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The Intersection of Age and Gender

Cited by 246 publications

References 28 publications

Hard and soft age discrimination: the dual nature of workplace discrimination

Hard and soft age discrimination: the dual nature of workplace discrimination

Ageing, masculinity and Parkinson's disease: embodied perspectives

Welfare Technologies and Ageing Bodies: Various Ways of Practising Autonomy

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