The Intersection of Race/Ethnicity and Gender in Occupational Segregation

Abstract

In this article, we examine changes in the types of occupations that members of various racial/ethnic-gender groups have entered. We are interested in two trends that we believe may have contributed to differences in occupational concentration: budget reductions and policy changes in Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) enforcement procedures, and the continuing increases in women's educational attainment. Using whites, African Americans, and Hispanics in our analysis, we evaluate race and ethnic differences by gender, and gender differences by race and ethnicity; thus, we pay particular attention to the intersection of race/ethnicity and gender in these processes. Our results suggest that white men have maintained their advantage in the occupational hierarchy in the period under investigation, and that white women have made more progress than any other group. For women,

The joint effect of ethnicity and gender on occupational segregation. An approach based on the Mutual Information Index

“…However, for ethnic minority people who earned their educational credentials in the country where they work, the consequences of human capital should be similar, in principle, to the outcomes observed among women and men: the higher the education level achieved, the greater the potential for making inroads into jobs with meritocratic points of entry. In summary, if achieved status and merit bu er some of the discrimination brought about by ascribed status (Carmichael and Woods 2000;Mintz and Krymkowski 2011;Reskin, McBrier, and Kmec 1999), we should observe that segregation jointly induced by ethnicity and gender, as well as any multiplicative interaction between these two dimensions, diminishes once we control for human capital.…”

“…2005;Blackwell 2003;Jacobs 1989;King 1995King , 2009Mintz and Krymkowski 2011;Reskin and Padavic 1999;Tomaskovic-Devey 1993;Wright and Ellis 2000). These studies measure the e ects of one source of segregation on people's distribution across occupations, and only afterwards do they gauge the e ects of the other dimension.…”

“…In this article we study occupational segregation, one feature of the labor market that many authors claim contributes to disadvantages for women and minorities (see, for example, Blau, Brinton, andGrusky 2006, andKaufman 2010). All writers on this topic have concluded that gender is a greater source of occupational segregation than ethnicity (see, inter alia, Albelda 1986;Blackwell 2003;King 1995;Mintz and Krymkowski 2011;Reskin and Cassirer 1996;Tomaskovic-Devey 1993;Wright and Ellis 2000). However, one of the tenets of the so-called theories of intersectionality, the idea that these two exemplars of ascribed status intertwine in producing inequality (Browne and Misra 2003;King 1988;McCall 2001), has received much less attention in applied research.…”

Intersección entre la clase y el género y su efecto sobre la calidad del empleo en Chile

“…En este artículo se pretende contrastar dos hipótesis derivadas de lo planteado en los análisis sobre clase, género y la interacción entre ambos (Andes, 1992;Anthias, 2001;Browne y Misra, 2005;Wright, 1997;Mintz y Krymkowski, 2010).…”

The intersection between class and gender and its impact on the quality of employment in Chile

“…In this study, an effort will be made to compare two different hypotheses based on the results of studies on class, gender and the interaction between the two (Andes, 1992;Anthias, 2001;Browne and Misra, 2005;Wright, 1997;Mintz and Krymkowski, 2010).…”