The Intersection of Transgender Identities, HIV, and Aging

Porter, Kristen E.; Brennan-Ing, Mark

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95031-0_4

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…While research has documented that the population living with HIV is aging due to the advent of highly effective treatments, little of this research has focused specifically on transgender populations. Some health concerns for transgender people aging with HIV include multimorbidity (having multiple chronic conditions) and polypharmacy (needing five or more medications) [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of Engagement in HIV Care Among Transgender Women of Color in the United States of America

Sevelius

Xavier²,

Chakravarty

et al. 2021

AIDS Behav

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HIV prevalence among transgender women of color (TWC) in the United States of America is high. We enrolled TWC living with HIV (N = 858) to evaluate 1nine HIV care interventions. We examined factors associated with four outcomes at enrollment: linkage to care, ever being on antiretroviral treatment, retention in care and viral suppression. The sample was 49% Hispanic/Latino, 42% Black; average age was 37 years; 77% were ever linked to care, 36% were ever on treatment, 22% were retained in care, and 36% were virally suppressed. Current hormone use was significantly associated with linkage, retention, and viral suppression (all aORs > 1.5), providing evidence for gender-affirming care as an important facilitator of engagement in HIV care. Greater health care empowerment was significantly associated with greater odds of all outcomes (aORs between 1.19 and 1.37). These findings identify potential intervention targets to improve the provision of care and treatment for TWC living with HIV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of Engagement in HIV Care Among Transgender Women of Color in the United States of America

Sevelius

Xavier²,

Chakravarty

et al. 2021

AIDS Behav

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“…Another review suggested that trans and gender-nonconforming (TGNC) people living in the US are exposed to a range of social stressors, including stigma, which contribute to adverse health problems [51]. Trans people living with HIV have been found to experience high levels of HIV-related stigma in addition to stigma and discrimination related to their gender identity, both of which are likely to impact their health outcomes [52,53]. In our study, we did not include gender identity in the analysis as our sample was restricted to MSM; however, 15 respondents who were counted as MSM identified their gender identity as genderqueer, transmasculine, or male-identified but gender-nonconforming.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial Determinants of HIV Stigma among Men Who Have Sex with Men in San Francisco, California

Bhatta

Hecht

Facente

2021

IJERPH

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Background: Stigma and discrimination are major challenges faced by people living with HIV (PLWH), and stigma continues to be prevalent among PLWH. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 584 men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV between July 2018 and December 2020, designed to better understand which demographic and behavioral characteristics of MSM living with HIV in San Francisco, California are associated with experience of stigma, so that programs and initiatives can be tailored appropriately to minimize HIV stigma’s impacts. Methods: This analysis was conducted with data from San Francisco AIDS Foundation (SFAF) encompassing services from multiple different locations in San Francisco. Data about the level of HIV-related stigma experienced were collected through a single question incorporated into programmatic data collection forms at SFAF as part of the client record stored in SFAF’s electronic health record. We performed linear regression to determine the associations between self-reported experiences of HIV stigma and other characteristics among MSM living with HIV. Results: HIV stigma was low overall among MSM living with HIV who are actively engaged in HIV care in San Francisco; however, it was significantly higher for the age groups of 13–29 years (adjusted risk difference (ARD): 0.251, 95% CI: 0.012, 0.489) and 30–49 years (ARD: 0.205, 95% CI: 0.042, 0.367) when compared to the age group of 50 years and older, as well as people who were homeless (ARD: 0.844, 95% CI: 0.120, 1.568), unstably housed (ARD: 0.326, 95% CI: 0.109, 0.543) and/or having mental health concerns (ARD: 0.309, 95% CI: 0.075, 0.544), controlling for race, injection history, and viral load. Conclusions: These findings highlight an opportunity to develop culturally, socially, and racially appropriate interventions to reduce HIV stigma among MSM living with HIV, particularly for younger men and those struggling with housing stability and/or mental health.

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“…Recent CDC data (2019b) indicates that 69.7% of all new diagnoses of HIV in the US are among MSM and MSM who inject drugs, and 49.5% of PWH over the age of fifty have MSM as their transmission category (CDC, 2018). Classifying transgender women as MSM has led to a lack of specific information about this population (Porter & Brennan-Ing, 2019), but available data indicate they are at a high risk for HIV (Dragon et al, 2017;Operario, Soma, & Underhill, 2008). Women comprise 23% of older PWH in the US, with most infections due to heterosexual contact (70%), followed by injection drug use (29%) (CDC, 2018).…”

Section: Health Inequalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HIV stigma among older adults is associated with depression, poorer quality of life, lack of disclosure, and loneliness (Grov et al, 2010;Haile et al, 2011). Older PWH may face the intersectionality of HIV stigma with other forms of discrimination, including ageism (Emlet, 2006), racism, sexism, homophobia, ableism, and/ or transphobia (Johnson Shen, Freeman, Karpiak, Brennan-Ing, Seidel, & Siegler, 2019;Porter & Brennan-Ing, 2019). Ageism, namely discrimination toward older people on the basis of age, has deleterious effects on older PWH, rendering them invisible in HIV education, testing, and treatment settings, and when internalized, leads to poorer health outcomes (DeMarco et al, 2017).…”

Section: Stigmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Age‐friendly Cities: Policy Opportunities and Challenges

Phillipson¹,

Buffel²

2020

Journal of Elder Policy

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This journal was initiated in 2019 during a period of relative calm and stability in the US. Our goal as a journal is to showcase cutting-edge scholarship in the field of aging and the social sciences that offers guidelines for practice and policy benefiting and protecting older adults. In a timely paper, expressions and consequences of ageism are addressed by Ayalon. Her essay focuses on ageism toward older adults at the macro-institutional level in policies or politics, at the meso level of interpersonal relations, and at the micro, intrapersonal level. She skillfully uses several contexts to demonstrate how ageism is manifested within policies, healthcare systems, workforces, and our ageist attitudes toward ourselves. Ayalon's article concludes with creative ways to combat such ageism.

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The Intersection of Transgender Identities, HIV, and Aging

Cited by 10 publications

References 45 publications

Correlates of Engagement in HIV Care Among Transgender Women of Color in the United States of America

Correlates of Engagement in HIV Care Among Transgender Women of Color in the United States of America

Psychosocial Determinants of HIV Stigma among Men Who Have Sex with Men in San Francisco, California

Developing Age‐friendly Cities: Policy Opportunities and Challenges

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