The intramural pelvic nerves in the colon of dogs.

Fukai, Kiyoko; Fukuda, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1984.sp015364

Cited by 50 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Myelinated fibers are concentrated in the ascending nerves of the colon (Fukai and Fukuda, 1984). These nerves were first described as structures running cephalocaudad over a long distance up the colon in the myenteric plexus in dog, cat, and man (Stach, 1971).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of myelinated nerves in ascending nerves and myenteric plexus of cat colon

Christensen

Rick

1987

Am. J. Anat.

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The parts of the colon differ in motor function and in responses to extrinsic and intrinsic nerve stimulation. The distribution of myelinated nerve fibers in the colonic myenteric plexus is not known. Because these fibers might be largely extrinsic in origin, their distribution might indicate the domain of influence of extrinsic nerves and help to explain the different behaviors of the different parts of the colon. Myelinated fibers were examined by electron microscopy in cross sections of the ascending nerves and in myelin-stained whole-mount preparations in the colon. The ascending nerves are much like one another. They have the structure of peripheral nerves, not that of myenteric plexus. The proportion of myelinated fibers in the ascending nerves declines rostrad with no uniform change in total nerve fiber number. Cross-sectional areas of ascending nerves, 3,304 to 7,448 microns 2; total number of nerve fibers per profile, 703-2,651; and mean myelin coat thickness, 0.45 +/- 0.01 micron, do not change uniformly along the ascending nerves. Myelinated fibers are about 2% of total fibers in the extramural colonic nerves, 7-9% in the ascending nerves in the sigmoid colon, and 2-3% at the rostrad ends of the ascending nerves in the transverse colon. Blood vessels lie at the core of each ascending nerve and on the nerve sheath. Myelinated fibers in the ascending nerves degenerate after section of colonic branches of the pelvic plexus and after section of the pudendal nerves, indicating that myelinated nerves reach the colon through both pathways.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of myelinated nerves in ascending nerves and myenteric plexus of cat colon

Christensen

Rick

1987

Am. J. Anat.

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“…The colonic balloon was inserted through an incision made in the colonic wall where the inferior mesenteric artery meets it. An intramural pelvic nerve (Fukai & Fukuda, 1984) was isolated from the colonic wall just caudal to the incision. Centrifugal discharges of the nerve were recorded from its central cut end.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three serial neurones in the innervation of the colon by the sacral parasympathetic nerve of the dog.

Fukai

Fukuda²

1985

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Electrophysiological and histological techniques were used to study the nature of the innervation of the colon by the sacral parasympathetic nerve of the dog.2. Many cells which incorporate horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were observed in ganglia of the pelvic plexus, but not in the sacral cord, after HRP was injected into the wall of the distal colon. Stimulation of the pelvic ganglia by an application of dimethylphenylpiperazinium contracted the distal colon. The contraction was reduced by nicotine applied to the colon.3. Compound action potentials in responses of rectal strands of the pelvic nerve to stimulation of the sacral ventral roots decreased or disappeared after hexamethonium bromide (C6) was applied to the pelvic plexus. Conduction velocities of the potentials showed that most of the preganglionic fibres were B fibres, and nearly all the post-ganglionic fibres were C fibres.4. Many C fibres were observed by electron microscopy in the rectal strands after degeneration of the pelvic and hypogastric nerves. Stimulation of such rectal strands caused a contraction of the colon, which diminished after C6 was applied to the distal colon.5. These results show that the sacral parasympathetic nerve innervating the colon comprises three serial neurones located in the sacral spinal cord, the pelvic plexus and the myenteric plexus.

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“…The parasympathetic nerves originate in the second to fourth sacral nerves and enter the distal colon through pelvic plexus. These nerves ascend orally along the colonic wall in the dog (Fukai and Fukuda, 1984). It is also known that a part of these sacral nerves descends from the rectum to the IAS (Langley and Anderson, 1896a, b, c).…”

Section: Discusisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Control of the Internal Anal Sphincter Motility.

Matsufuji

Yokoyama

2003

J. Smooth Muscle Res.

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Control mechanism of smooth muscle movement of the internal anal sphincter (IAS) by enteric and extrinsic neuvous systems in the dog was investigated. Responses of IAS muscle strips to electrical field stimulation (EFS) and neurotransmitter agents were recorded in vitro. The contraction response to norepinephrine or to EFS was inhibited by phentolamine. The relaxation induced by EFS was not affected by phentolamine, propranolol or atropine. The mechanical activity of smooth muscle in colon and anorectum during spontaneous defecation was recorded using strain gauge force transducers. The colon and anorectum showed the characteristic motility pattern during defecation: 1) The giant migrating contraction of the colon propagated to the rectum, 2) The relaxation of the rectum prior to the contraction, and 3) The IAS muscles continued to relax while the giant contractions of the colon were migrating to the rectum. Sacral nerves were stimulated electrically and the responses of smooth muscles in the rectum and IAS were recorded. The sacral nerve stimulation induced a relaxation followed by contraction of smooth muscle in the rectum and the relaxation in IAS. The mechanical responses of smooth muscle in the IAS were modulated by α-adrenergic excitatory and non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic inhibitory nerves. During defecation, the relaxation of IAS smooth muscle was associated with a characteristic motility pattern of the colon and anorectum. The enteric nervous systems may be organizing the motility of these muscles by way of the motor neurones under the control the extrinsic nervous systems.

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The intramural pelvic nerves in the colon of dogs.

Cited by 50 publications

References 4 publications

Distribution of myelinated nerves in ascending nerves and myenteric plexus of cat colon

Distribution of myelinated nerves in ascending nerves and myenteric plexus of cat colon

Three serial neurones in the innervation of the colon by the sacral parasympathetic nerve of the dog.

Neural Control of the Internal Anal Sphincter Motility.

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