The Introduction of Brown Trout to New Zealand and their Impact on Native Fish Communities

Jones, Peter E.; Closs, Gerard P.

doi:10.1002/9781119268352.ch21

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…However, these salmonids have been introduced and/or stocked outside their native range virtually around the world, mainly as objects of recreational fishery. As a result, several countries report an adverse ecological impact after their introduction [43][44][45][46][47]. Although brown trout are of limited interest in production aquaculture [48] (except the commercially important Atlantic salmon), brown trout have been and still are objects of intense investigations in various types of studies [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Present and Future Salmonid Cytogenetics

Gaffaroğlu

Majtánová

Symonová

et al. 2020

Genes

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Salmonids are extremely important economically and scientifically; therefore, dynamic developments in their research have occurred and will continue occurring in the future. At the same time, their complex phylogeny and taxonomy are challenging for traditional approaches in research. Here, we first provide discoveries regarding the hitherto completely unknown cytogenetic characteristics of the Anatolian endemic flathead trout, Salmo platycephalus, and summarize the presently known, albeit highly complicated, situation in the genus Salmo. Secondly, by outlining future directions of salmonid cytogenomics, we have produced a prototypical virtual karyotype of Salmo trutta, the closest relative of S. platycephalus. This production is now possible thanks to the high-quality genome assembled to the chromosome level in S. trutta via soft-masking, including a direct labelling of repetitive sequences along the chromosome sequence. Repetitive sequences were crucial for traditional fish cytogenetics and hence should also be utilized in fish cytogenomics. As such virtual karyotypes become increasingly available in the very near future, it is necessary to integrate both present and future approaches to maximize their respective benefits. Finally, we show how the presumably repetitive sequences in salmonids can change the understanding of the overall relationship between genome size and G+C content, creating another outstanding question in salmonid cytogenomics waiting to be resolved.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Present and Future Salmonid Cytogenetics

Gaffaroğlu

Majtánová

Symonová

et al. 2020

Genes

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“…Brown trout have been identified as one of the most invasive fish species, interacting with salmonids and native fishes in portions of North America, South America, Europe, New Zealand and other regions of the world (e.g. Budy & Gaeta, 2018;Casalinuovo, Alonso, Macchi, & Kuroda, 2018;Jones & Closs, 2018). The potential for negative effects of brown trout on native salmonid species has led to consideration or use of dams as management tools for isolating upstream populations of native salmonids from downstream non-native populations (Fausch, Rieman, Dunham, Young, & Peterson, 2009;Rahel, 2013;Kirk, Rosswog, Ressel, & Wissinger, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing connectivity of Great Lakes tributaries: Interspecific and intraspecific effects on resident brook trout and brown trout populations

Zorn

Hessenauer

Wills

2020

Ecology of Freshwater Fish

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Understanding resident fish population responses to restored connectivity would enhance decision‐making on dam removal and fish passage. Since such evaluations are limited in the Great Lakes region of North America, we compared abundance, survival, and growth of resident brook trout and brown trout between sets of Michigan streams where populations were or were not interacting with salmonid species that might be present if connectivity existed. We analysed data from 34 electrofishing index sites to compare resident trout populations between streams without versus with Great Lakes access (and migratory Pacific salmonids), and brook trout populations in Great Lakes inaccessible (land‐locked) streams where brown trout were present versus absent. Great Lakes accessibility effects on fish density became increasingly positive for older age groups of brown trout while generally negative for all age classes of brook trout. Brown trout had consistently negative effects on brook trout density in land‐locked streams. Increased connectivity had significant effects on annual survival for only one of seven trout age classes modelled, while intraspecific density‐dependent effects on survival were significant in six models. Significant intraspecific effects on resident trout growth occurred for seven of eleven age classes examined. Negative interspecific effects of Great Lakes access on resident trout growth were most noticeable for age‐0 and age‐1 resident trout, age classes that likely compete with juvenile Pacific salmonids. Our findings provide a more robust understanding of how Great Lakes connectivity affects resident trout populations, highlighting negative influences of brown trout on brook trout and intraspecific density‐dependent effects.

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“…Its invasiveness has been noticed everywhere, resulting in its proclamation as one of the World's 100 worst invasive alien species (Lowe et al, 2000). The most invasive impact of brown trout on the recipient fish fauna was recorded in New Zealand (Townsend, 1996;McIntosh et al, 2010;Jones and Closs, 2018), where the local native galaxiids approached extirpation after the introduction of the brown trout into their native streams. Behnke (2007) reported a similar effect in the Yellowstone National Park ecosystem, where introduction of the brown trout strongly suppressed the native West slope cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii (Richardson, 1836).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Life-History in Native Trout (Salmo spp.) Suppresses the Invasive Effect of Alien Trout Strains Introduced Into Streams in the Western Part of the Balkans

et al. 2020

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The diversity of native trout fish Salmo spp. comprises a variety of nominal taxa in Serbia, Montenegro, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Recent mapping of the resident trout populations detected the presence of brown trout Salmo trutta (sensu stricto) of the Atlantic (AT) mtDNA lineage introduced into populations of both tentative Danubian trout Salmo labrax and of tentative Adriatic trout Salmo farioides belonging to the Danubian (DA) and Adriatic (AD) mtDNA lineages, respectively. Introduction of the tentative Macedonian trout Salmo macedonicus of the AD lineage was also detected in a native population of the tentative S. labrax. In almost all recipient nonmigratory trout populations, a cross-breeding between native and introduced trout was detected by heterozygosity in either only the LDH-C nuclear locus or the LDH-C and specific microsatellite loci. The only exception was a population where both resident and migratory, lake-dwelling individuals of the tentative Adriatic trout spawned in a downstream section of a stream in Montenegro, as no microsatellite alleles of Atlantic brown trout that had been introduced upstream were detected. The occurrence of cross-breeding between Adriatic and brown trout was evident in the isolated, upstream section. It appears that migrating, lake-dwelling Adriatic trout in combination with their resident, stream-dwelling conspecifics suppress the introgression of genes from those situated upstream. In this regard, consideration should be given to the occurrence of the migratory brown trout in the Danube River at the broader Iron Gate Gorge area. They migrate in late summer and early fall from the Iron Gate One reservoir to the lower sections of tributaries devoid of any trout fish. However, some of these streams house very special native trout of the DA lineage in their short-extending upper sections. These native trout populations are, so far, still out of contact with the reservoir-dwelling trout. However, given the resilience of trout and their migratory life history, the outcome of this introduction could be deleterious for those native fish that are very precious in the conservation sense.

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The Introduction of Brown Trout to New Zealand and their Impact on Native Fish Communities

Cited by 22 publications

References 55 publications

Present and Future Salmonid Cytogenetics

Present and Future Salmonid Cytogenetics

Increasing connectivity of Great Lakes tributaries: Interspecific and intraspecific effects on resident brook trout and brown trout populations

Alternative Life-History in Native Trout (Salmo spp.) Suppresses the Invasive Effect of Alien Trout Strains Introduced Into Streams in the Western Part of the Balkans

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