The investigation of thermal runaway propagation of lithium-ion batteries under different vertical distances

Tao, Changfa; Li, Guangyu; Zhao, Jianbo; Chen, Guang; Wang, Zhigang; Qian, Yejian; Cheng, Xiaozhang; Li, Xiaoping

doi:10.1007/s10973-020-09274-x

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…To linearize the nonlinear lithium-ion battery system, the Taylor series expansion of the state equation is obtained by taking the partial derivative at the observation point. The discrete state-space equation of the nonlinear system of lithium-ion batteries is adopted, as shown in Equation (6).…”

Section: Ekf and Ah Integral Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 In the use of lithium-ion batteries, not only does the battery itself plays an important role but also the battery management system (BMS) is an essential part. 5,6 The state of charge (SOC) represents the amount of charge that can be continuously discharged under the current state. [7][8][9] It is not only one of the important parameters of the BMS but also the basis for accurate prediction of lithium-ion battery's power state and cycle life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, with the rapid development of new energy vehicles, the demand for lithium‐ion batteries, as the power core that provides energy supply for the whole vehicle, has also shown a geometric growth 4 . In the use of lithium‐ion batteries, not only does the battery itself plays an important role but also the battery management system (BMS) is an essential part 5,6 . The state of charge (SOC) represents the amount of charge that can be continuously discharged under the current state 7–9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel fuzzy‐extended Kalman filter‐ampere‐hour (F‐EKF‐Ah) algorithm based on improved second‐order PNGV model to estimate state of charge of lithium‐ion batteries

Liu

Wang

Fan

et al. 2022

Circuit Theory & Apps

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Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to accurately estimate the state of charge (SOC) of lithium‐ion batteries in the strongly nonlinear interval, a novel algorithm based on a fuzzy control strategy is proposed. It integrates extended Kalman filter (EKF) and ampere‐hour (Ah) integration accurately estimate the SOC of lithium‐ion batteries. First, the algorithm uses the advantage that the EKF algorithm has high estimation accuracy in the nonlinear interval and can solve the problem of the large error caused by the inaccurate initial value of the Ah integral algorithm. Then the fuzzy‐EKF‐Ah (F‐EKF‐Ah) is used to fuse the two algorithms of EKF and Ah integral. The fused algorithm can effectively solve the problems of the cumulative error caused by the sampling accuracy of the Ah integral algorithm and the large estimation error of the EKF algorithm in the strong nonlinear interval. Finally, the equivalent circuit model is used for analysis. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm can achieve high estimation accuracy under three experimental conditions.

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Section: Ekf and Ah Integral Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel fuzzy‐extended Kalman filter‐ampere‐hour (F‐EKF‐Ah) algorithm based on improved second‐order PNGV model to estimate state of charge of lithium‐ion batteries

Liu

Wang

Fan

et al. 2022

Circuit Theory & Apps

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show abstract

“…In general, the exothermal behavior of the TR can change if the cell is triggered under different abuse conditions [9][10][11][12][13]; as a consequence, the initiation of TR is a fundamental aspect to consider to obtain test results in the direction of the desired target. On the module level, if the TR is triggered in a first cell, this will start exothermal reactions, causing thermal and mechanical stress to the adjacent cells and likely propagating with a cascade process involving multiple cells, or, in worst case, the whole module [11,[14][15][16][17][18][19]. Considering the aforementioned, if the TR propagation speed needs to be analyzed in a Li-ion cells module, since the triggering method affects the exothermal behavior of the first cell, it must be carefully chosen since it could affect the propagation speed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the literature, several methods were found to initiate TR in a system with multiple Liion cells, however, all the investigated procedures can be reclassified into three main cases: object penetration [14], external heating [9,11,15,[17][18][19], or electrical overcharge [20,21]. In general, the overheating of the Li-ion cell can be obtained by an external thermal source or by an abusive electrical operation, i.e., forcing an electric current and/or voltage above the nominal values.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Investigation of Thermal Runaway Propagation for a Mechanically Constrained Lithium-Ion Pouch Cell Module

et al. 2021

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In this paper, tests and analysis of thermal runaway propagation for commercial modules consisting of four 41 Ah Li-ion pouch cells are presented. Module samples were tested at 100% state-of-charge and mechanically constrained between two steel plates to provide thermal and mechanical contact between the parts. Voltage and temperature of each cell were monitored during the whole experiment. The triggering of the exothermal reactions was obtained by overheating one cell of the stack with a flat steel heater. In preliminary studies, the melting temperature of the separator was measured (from an extracted sample) with differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis techniques, revealing a tri-layers separator with two melting points (≈135 °C and ≈170 °C). The tests on module level revealed 8 distinct phases observed and analyzed in the respective temperature ranges, including smoking, venting, sparkling, and massive, short circuit condition. The triggering temperature of the cells resulted to be close to the melting temperature of the separator obtained in preliminary tests, confirming that the violent exothermal reactions of thermal runaway are caused by the internal separator failure. Postmortem inspections of the modules revealed the internal electrical failure path in one cell and the propagation of the internal short circuit in its active material volume, suggesting that the expansion of the electrolyte plays a role in the short circuit propagation at the single cell level. The complete thermal runaway propagation process was repeated on 5 modules and ended on average 60 s after the first thermal runaway triggered cell reached a top temperature of 1100 °C.

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The study of thermal runaway characteristics of multiple lithium batteries under different immersion times

Tao

Chen

et al. 2022

J Therm Anal Calorim

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The investigation of thermal runaway propagation of lithium-ion batteries under different vertical distances

Cited by 20 publications

References 38 publications

A novel fuzzy‐extended Kalman filter‐ampere‐hour (F‐EKF‐Ah) algorithm based on improved second‐order PNGV model to estimate state of charge of lithium‐ion batteries

A novel fuzzy‐extended Kalman filter‐ampere‐hour (F‐EKF‐Ah) algorithm based on improved second‐order PNGV model to estimate state of charge of lithium‐ion batteries

Analysis and Investigation of Thermal Runaway Propagation for a Mechanically Constrained Lithium-Ion Pouch Cell Module

The study of thermal runaway characteristics of multiple lithium batteries under different immersion times

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