The involvement of the endothelium in the relaxation of the leopard frog (<i>Rana pipiens</i>) aorta in response to acetylcholine

Knight, Gillian E.; Burnstock, Geoffrey

doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15568.x

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Staining also was found in areas outside the CNS (see Fig. 7), where NO is known to be located and to play a functional role in amphibians, namely, the skin (Neumann et al, 1996), the blood vessels (Knight and Burnstock, 1996), and the eyes (Savchenko et al, 1997). This further supports the proposal that NADPH-d labels NOS and suggests that the NADPH-d technique also identifies discrete regions of the CNS where NO is playing a functional role early in development.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Spatiotemporal pattern of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate‐diaphorase reactivity in the developing central nervous system of premetamorphic Xenopus laevis tadpoles

McLean

Sillar

2001

J of Comparative Neurology

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We have catalogued the progressive appearance of putative nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-containing neurons in the developing central nervous system (CNS) of Xenopus laevis. Xenopus embryos and larvae were processed in wholemount and in cross section using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemistry as a marker for NOS within the CNS. The temporal sequence of NADPH-d reactivity identified discrete groups and subgroups of neurons in the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain on the basis of their morphology, location, and order of appearance during development. A proportion of these groups of neurons appeared to be important in sensory processing and motor control. Staining also appeared at specific stages in the spinal cord, the retina, and the skin. After the appearance of labelling, NADPH-d reactivity continued in each of the cell groups throughout the stages examined. We found no evidence for staining that subsequently disappeared at later stages in any cell group, indicating a persistent rather than transient role for NO in the Xenopus tadpole CNS. These results are discussed in light of recent findings on possible roles for NADPH-d-positive cell groups within the developing motor circuitry.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Spatiotemporal pattern of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate‐diaphorase reactivity in the developing central nervous system of premetamorphic Xenopus laevis tadpoles

McLean

Sillar

2001

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…Many studies in non-mammalian vertebrates (birds, reptiles, amphibians and teleost fishes) have shown that NO mediates vasorelaxation (Olson and Villa, 1991;Knight and Burnstock, 1993;Knight and Burnstock, 1996;Nilsson and Soderstrom, 1997; Martinez-Lemus et al, 1999; Crossley et al, 2000; Axelsson et al, 2001;Broughton and Donald, 2002;Jennings et al, 2004;Broughton and Donald, 2005;Galli et al, 2005;Skovgaard et al, 2005), but there is some controversy as to whether the vascular endothelium synthesises and releases NO in fishes and amphibians. A number of studies have provided evidence that endothelial NO signalling is present in the vasculature of fishes (Mustafa and Agnisola, 1998;Fritsche et al, 2000;Pellegrino et al, 2002) and amphibians (Rumbaut et al, 1995;Knight and Burnstock, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies have provided evidence that endothelial NO signalling is present in the vasculature of fishes (Mustafa and Agnisola, 1998;Fritsche et al, 2000;Pellegrino et al, 2002) and amphibians (Rumbaut et al, 1995;Knight and Burnstock, 1996). In contrast, in many species of teleost and elasmobranch fishes, there is physiological and anatomical evidence that an endothelial NO system is absent from the vasculature, and that the endothelium-derived relaxing factor is in fact a prostaglandin (Olson and Villa, 1991;Evans and Gunderson, 1998;Miller and Vanhoutte, 2000;Park et al, 2000;Donald et al, 2004;Jennings et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual mechanisms for nitric oxide control of large arteries in the estuarine crocodile Crocodylus porosus

Broughton

Donald

2007

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY In reptiles, accumulating evidence suggests that nitric oxide (NO) induces a potent relaxation in the systemic vasculature. However, very few studies have examined the source from which NO is derived. Therefore, the present study used both anatomical and physiological approaches to establish whether NO-mediated vasodilation is via an endothelial or neural NO pathway in the large arteries of the estuarine crocodile Crocodylus porosus. Specific endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS) staining was observed in aortic endothelial cells following nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemistry and endothelial NOS immunohistochemistry (IHC), suggesting that an endothelial NO pathway is involved in vascular control. This finding was supported by in vitroorgan bath physiology, which demonstrated that the relaxation induced by acetylcholine (10-5 mol l-1) was abolished in the presence of the NOS inhibitor, N-omega-nitro-l-arginine(l-NNA; 10-4 mol l-1), the soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ;10-5 mol l-1), or when the endothelium was removed. Interestingly, evidence for a neural NO pathway was also identified in large arteries of the crocodile. Neural NOS was located in perivascular nerves of the major blood vessels following NADPH-d histochemistry and neural NOS IHC and in isolated aortic rings, l-NNA and ODQ, but not the removal of the endothelium, abolished the relaxation effect of the neural NOS agonist,nicotine (3×10-4 mol l-1). Thus, we conclude that the large arteries of C. porosus are potentially regulated by NO-derived from both endothelial and neural NOS.

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“…Early comparative studies in avian (Hasegawa and Nishimura, 1991), reptilian (Knight and Burnstock, 1993), and amphibian (Rumbaut et al, 1995;Knight and Burnstock, 1996) species provided evidence that an endothelial NO system was present. Furthermore, there is evidence for endothelial NO signalling in teleost fish, which was obtained in perfused vascular beds in which vascular resistance was affected by the NO precursor L-arginine, and inhibition of NO synthase, the enzyme that generates NO (Nilsson and Söderström, 1997;Mustafa et al, 1997;Mustafa and Agnisola, 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide control of the dorsal aorta and the intestinal vein of the Australian short-finned eel Anguilla australis

Jennings

Broughton

Donald

2004

Journal of Experimental Biology

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of the endothelium. The nicotine-mediated dilation was blocked by the NOS inhibitor, N ω -nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA; 10 -4 ·mol·l -1 ), and ODQ (10 -5 ·mol·l -1 ). More specifically, the neural NOS inhibitor, N ω -propyl-Larginine (10 -5 ·mol·l -1 ), significantly decreased the dilation induced by nicotine (3×10 -4 ·mol·l -1 ). Furthermore, indomethacin (10 -5 ·mol·l -1 ) did not affect the nicotinemediated dilation, suggesting that prostaglandins are not involved in the response. Finally, the calcium ionophore A23187 (3×10 -6 ·mol·l -1 ) caused an endothelium-dependent dilation that was abolished in the presence of indomethacin. We propose the absence of an endothelial NO system in eel vasculature and suggest that neurally derived NO contributes to the maintenance of vascular tone in this species. In addition, we suggest that prostaglandins may act as endothelially derived relaxing factors in A. australis.

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The involvement of the endothelium in the relaxation of the leopard frog (Rana pipiens) aorta in response to acetylcholine

Cited by 30 publications

References 44 publications

Spatiotemporal pattern of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate‐diaphorase reactivity in the developing central nervous system of premetamorphic Xenopus laevis tadpoles

Spatiotemporal pattern of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate‐diaphorase reactivity in the developing central nervous system of premetamorphic Xenopus laevis tadpoles

Dual mechanisms for nitric oxide control of large arteries in the estuarine crocodile Crocodylus porosus

Nitric oxide control of the dorsal aorta and the intestinal vein of the Australian short-finned eel Anguilla australis

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