The iron-induced cysteine proteinase TvCP4 plays a key role in Trichomonas vaginalis haemolysis

Cárdenas-Guerra, Rosa Elena; Arroyo, Rossana; Andrade, Ivone Rosa de; Benchimol, Marlene; Ortega‐López, Jaime

doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2013.09.002

Cited by 30 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The protective effect of the TvCP4‐specific antibodies was also evaluated in vitro . The live parasite pre‐incubated with the TvCP4‐specific antibodies showed a significant reduction in its haemolytic activities . Experimentally, the high level of antibodies to a recombinant CP, TvCP3, was also induced in T. vaginalis ‐infected mice .…”

Section: Specific Antibody Responses During T Vaginalis Infectionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The live parasite pre-incubated with the TvCP4-specific antibodies showed a significant reduction in its haemolytic activities. 86 Experimentally, the high level of antibodies to a recombinant CP, TvCP3, was also induced in T. vaginalis-infected mice. 7,87 The role of TvCP3-specific antibodies in protection, if any, needs more investigations.…”

Section: Trichomonas Vaginalis Infection Induces Apoptosis and Producmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TvCP4 is a papain-like CP of T. vaginalis that is upregulated by iron at the post-transcriptional level. 86 TvCP4 is one of the most immunogenic CPs that is recognized by serum samples from T. vaginalisinfected patients. 75 The protective effect of the TvCP4-specific antibodies was also evaluated in vitro.…”

Section: Trichomonas Vaginalis Infection Induces Apoptosis and Producmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Humoral and T cell–mediated immune response against trichomoniasis

Nemati

Malla

Yadav

et al. 2018

Parasite Immunology

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Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) infection leads to the synthesis of specific antibodies in the serum and local secretions. The profile of T. vaginalis-specific antibodies and T cell-mediated immune responses may influence the outcome of infection, towards parasite elimination, persistence or pathological reactions. Studies have indicated that Th1-, Th17- and Th22 cell-related cytokines may be protective or pathogenic, whereas Th2- and Treg cell-related cytokines can exert anti-inflammatory effects during T. vaginalis infection. A number of T. vaginalis-related components such as lipophosphoglycan (TvLPG), α-actinin, migration inhibitory factor (TvMIF), pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFO), legumain-1 (TvLEGU-1), adhesins and cysteine proteases lead to the induction of specific antibodies. T. vaginalis has acquired several strategies to evade the humoral immune responses such as degradation of immunoglobulins by cysteine proteases, antigenic variation and killing of antibody-producing B cells. The characterization of the T. vaginalis-specific antibodies to significant immunogenic molecules and formulation of strategies to promote their induction in vaginal mucosa may reveal their potential protective effects against trichomoniasis. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of antibody and T cell-mediated immune responses to T. vaginalis and highlight novel insights into the possible role of immune responses in protection against parasite.

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Section: Specific Antibody Responses During T Vaginalis Infectionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Trichomonas Vaginalis Infection Induces Apoptosis and Producmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trichomonas Vaginalis Infection Induces Apoptosis and Producmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Humoral and T cell–mediated immune response against trichomoniasis

Nemati

Malla

Yadav

et al. 2018

Parasite Immunology

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“…Some CPs are differentially modulated by iron [ 33 , 36 , 54 ] and play crucial roles in certain virulence properties of T. vaginalis , including cytoadherence [ 7 , 43 , 52 , 55 ], cytotoxicity [ 7 , 34 , 52 , 56 , 57 ], hemolysis [ 58 – 61 ], complement resistance [ 62 ], immune evasion [ 7 , 52 , 63 ], and induction of apoptosis in human cells [ 7 , 52 , 64 – 66 ] ( Table 1 ). Virulence properties of T. vaginalis have been described in detail in recent reviews [ 7 , 52 , 67 ].…”

Section: T Vaginalis Cps Involved In Virulencementioning

confidence: 99%

Trichomonas vaginalisCysteine Proteinases: Iron Response in Gene Expression and Proteolytic Activity

Arroyo

Cárdenas-Guerra

Figueroa-Angulo

et al. 2015

BioMed Research International

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We focus on the iron response of Trichomonas vaginalis to gene family products such as the cysteine proteinases (CPs) involved in virulence properties. In particular, we examined the effect of iron on the gene expression regulation and function of cathepsin L-like and asparaginyl endopeptidase-like CPs as virulence factors. We addressed some important aspects about CPs genomic organization and we offer possible explanations to the fact that only few members of this large gene family are expressed at the RNA and protein levels and the way to control their proteolytic activity. We also summarized all known iron regulations of CPs at transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational levels along with new insights into the possible epigenetic and miRNA processes.

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“…Furthermore, several cytotoxic cysteine protease orthologues also exist in D. fragilis [18,80]. T. vaginalis secretes large quantities of cysteine protease into the growth medium when cultured in vitro, and T. vaginalis cysteine proteases are detectable in vivo, in vaginal washouts from infected patients [81,82]. T. vaginalis cysteine proteases also localise to cytoplasmic vesicles, lysosomes and surface membranes [81], and some are markedly upregulated in iron-enriched media; iron being a valuable cofactor for growth and replication of pathogenic protozoa [20,83].…”

Section: Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%