The irregular shelterwood system as an alternative to clearcutting to achieve compositional and structural objectives in temperate mixedwood stands

Raymond, Patricia; Bédard, Steve

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2017.04.042

Cited by 63 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…For many tree species, planting or natural regeneration under shelterwood leads to better establishment than in open conditions (e.g., after clearcutting; Raymond and Bédard, 2017). This form of silviculture can also be beneficial for plant (Hannerz and Hanell, 1997) and bird (King and DeGraaf, 2000) biodiversity.…”

Section: Tree Establishment Under Different Silvicultural Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Forest Management Options on Forest Resilience to Pathogens

Roberts

Gilligan

Kleczkowski

et al. 2020

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Invasive pathogens threaten the ability of forests globally to produce a range of valuable ecosystem services over time. However, the ability to detect such pathogen invasions-and thus to produce appropriate and timely management responses-is relatively low. We argue that a promising approach is to plan and manage forests in a way that increases their resilience to invasive pathogens not yet present or ubiquitous in the forest. This paper is based on a systematic search and critical review of empirical evidence of the effect of a wide range of forest management options on the primary and secondary infection rates of forest pathogens, and on subsequent forest recovery. Our goals are to inform forest management decision making to increase forest resilience, and to identify the most important evidence gaps for future research. The management options for which there is the strongest evidence that they increase forest resilience to pathogens are: reduced forest connectivity, removal or treatment of inoculum sources such as cut stumps, reduced tree density, removal of diseased trees and increased tree species diversity. In all cases the effect of these options on infection dynamics differs greatly amongst tree and pathogen species and between forest environments. However, the lack of consistent effects of silvicultural systems or of thinning, pruning or coppicing treatments is notable. There is also a lack of evidence of how the effects of treatments are influenced by the scale at which they are applied, e.g., the mixture of tree species. An overall conclusion is that forest managers often need to trade-off increased resilience to tree pathogens against other benefits obtained from forests.

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Section: Tree Establishment Under Different Silvicultural Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Forest Management Options on Forest Resilience to Pathogens

Roberts

Gilligan

Kleczkowski

et al. 2020

Front. For. Glob. Change

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“…At 40, 60, and 80 percent canopy cover the probability of red spruce presence decreased from 95, 80, and 55 percent, respectively (Figure 12). Previous findings have found similar results that seedling recruitment and survival increases within canopy openings (Dumias and Prevost, 2016;Potheir and Prevost, 2008) and using irregular shelterwood management systems (Raymond and Bedard, 2017). Moores et al (2007) reported sustained red spruce seedling growth responses ≤50% canopy cover, while Raymond and Bedard (2017) found that a range of 15-55% transmitted light resulted in increases in reproduction densities and establishment.…”

Section: Red Spruce Presencementioning

confidence: 65%

“…Previous findings have found similar results that seedling recruitment and survival increases within canopy openings (Dumias and Prevost, 2016;Potheir and Prevost, 2008) and using irregular shelterwood management systems (Raymond and Bedard, 2017). Moores et al (2007) reported sustained red spruce seedling growth responses ≤50% canopy cover, while Raymond and Bedard (2017) found that a range of 15-55% transmitted light resulted in increases in reproduction densities and establishment. Results from our study suggest and support other results that increased light availability, albeit moderate, is optimal for red spruce seedling establishment.…”

Section: Red Spruce Presencementioning

confidence: 65%

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Characterizing Red Spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) Advanced Reproduction in an High Elevation Stand in West Virginia

Lutz¹

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“…, Raymond et al. , Saunders and Arseneault , Raymond and Bédard ). Results of our caching study suggest that timber harvest altered microsite characteristics important to small mammals, but the stand‐level habitat heterogeneity was diverse enough to leave cache pilferage behavior unaltered at the treatment (stand) level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prescribed fire and partial overstory removal alter an acorn–rodent conditional mutualism

Greenler

Estrada

Kellner

et al. 2019

Ecological Applications

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In eastern North America, oak (Quercus) regeneration failure has spurred management using silvicultural approaches better aligned with the autecology of oaks. In particular, shelterwood harvests can create favorable intermediate light conditions for oak establishment and prescribed fire is predicted (by the oak–fire hypothesis) to favor oak regeneration. These approaches substantially modify forest structure and may affect crucial trophic interactions including the conditional mutualism between oaks and granivorous rodents that scatterhoard acorns, which shifts along a continuum from antagonistic to mutualistic depending on external factors. We investigated how overwinter survival and dispersal of northern red oak (Quercus rubra) acorns were influenced by location within or outside of group shelterwood harvests (small canopy gaps created throughout an intact forest stand) with and without prescribed fire. We conducted two concurrent experiments to test (1) dispersal and survival of acorns presented on the forest floor and (2) acorn pilferage rates from caches that mimic squirrel scatterhoards in shelterwood gap/group interiors, edges, and the uncut forest matrix in burned and unburned forest stands. In both experiments, acorn survival was generally higher in burned than unburned stands. Acorn survival from forest floor presentations was higher in the unharvested forest matrix than harvest gap interiors; however, there was no effect of proximity to harvest gaps on survival of cached acorns. Survival of cached acorns was associated with understory vegetative cover (−), coarse woody debris cover (−), and distance to nearest tree (+), but uncorrelated with canopy cover above the cache. Our results suggest that reduced understory cover following prescribed fire may increase perceived habitat riskiness for granivores resulting in higher acorn survival up to 2 yr post‐fire. These findings unify the oak–fire and oak–granivore conditional mutualism hypotheses, and suggest that the environmental conditions following prescribed fire and group shelterwood harvests may shift the oak–granivore conditional mutualism in a direction beneficial for oak regeneration.

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The irregular shelterwood system as an alternative to clearcutting to achieve compositional and structural objectives in temperate mixedwood stands

Cited by 63 publications

References 59 publications

The Effect of Forest Management Options on Forest Resilience to Pathogens

The Effect of Forest Management Options on Forest Resilience to Pathogens

Characterizing Red Spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) Advanced Reproduction in an High Elevation Stand in West Virginia

Prescribed fire and partial overstory removal alter an acorn–rodent conditional mutualism

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