The ischial callosities of Sulawesi macaques

Juliandi, Berry; Suryobroto, Bambang; Perwitasari-Farajallah, Dyah

doi:10.1002/ajp.20745

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Sulawesi Island (Fooden, 1969). The Sulawesi macaques show considerable morphological variation ( Figure 1) even though they inhabit a relatively small total area compared with other species of macaques (Fooden, 1969;Juliandi, Suryobroto, & Perwitasari-Farajallah, 2009;Suryobroto, 1992 , 1997;Riley, 2007).…”

Section: Seven Macaque Species Have An Allopatric Distribution Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven macaque species have an allopatric distribution on Sulawesi Island (Fooden, ). The Sulawesi macaques show considerable morphological variation (Figure ) even though they inhabit a relatively small total area compared with other species of macaques (Fooden, ; Juliandi, Suryobroto, & Perwitasari‐Farajallah, ; Suryobroto, ). Although all Sulawesi macaques are frugivorous, there are some differences in the plant species they consume.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional divergence of the bitter receptor TAS2R38 in Sulawesi macaques

Widayati

Yan

Suzuki‐Hashido

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Bitter perception is mediated by G protein‐coupled receptors TAS2Rs and plays an important role in avoiding the ingestion of toxins by inducing innate avoidance behavior in mammals. One of the best‐studied TAS2Rs is TAS2R38, which mediates the perception of the bitterness of synthetic phenylthiocarbamide (PTC). Previous studies of TAS2R38 have suggested that geographical separation enabled the independent divergence of bitter taste perception. The functional divergence of TAS2R38 in allopatric species has not been evaluated. We characterized the function of TAS2R38 in four allopatric species of Sulawesi macaques on Sulawesi Island. We found variation in PTC taste perception both within and across species. In most cases, TAS2R38 was sensitive to PTC, with functional divergence among species. We observed different truncated TAS2R38s that were not responsive to PTC in each species of Macaca nigra and M. nigrescens due to premature stop codons. Some variants of intact TAS2R38 with an amino acid substitution showed low sensitivity to PTC in M. tonkeana. Similarly, this intact TAS2R38 with PTC‐low sensitivity has also been found in humans. We detected a shared haplotype in all four Sulawesi macaques, which may be the ancestral haplotype of Sulawesi macaques. In addition to shared haplotypes among Sulawesi macaques, other TAS2R38 haplotypes were species‐specific. These results implied that the variation in TAS2R38 might be shaped by geographical patterns and local adaptation. OPEN RESEARCH BADGES This article has earned an Open Data Badge for making publicly available the digitally‐shareable data necessary to reproduce the reported results. The data is available at https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.908jf3r.

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Section: Seven Macaque Species Have An Allopatric Distribution Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional divergence of the bitter receptor TAS2R38 in Sulawesi macaques

Widayati

Yan

Suzuki‐Hashido

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Boundary zone between northern and southern pig-tailed macaques and their morphological differences

et al. 2012

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Based on previous conflicting reports that the two forms of pig-tailed macaque (northern and southern) exist as separate species, subspecies, or forms, and that their boundary zone lies in Thailand, a survey of the distribution range and morphology of pig-tailed macaques in Thailand was conducted during 2003-2010. We first conducted a questionnaire survey. Questionnaires were sent to 7,410 subdistricts throughout Thailand. We then traveled to 72 of the 123 subdistricts reporting the presence of pig-tailed macaques. However, due to a lack of reports of the presence of free-ranging pig-tailed macaques living south of the Isthmus of Kra, a survey of pet pig-tailed macaques was also conducted during 16-24 September 2011. Furthermore, 35 wild northern pig-tailed macaques inhabiting northern Thailand (13°13'N, 101°03'E) were temporarily caught and their morphological characters were measured and then compared to those of the southern form captured from Sumatra, Indonesia. Although largely allopatric, the ranges of the northern and southern pig-tailed macaques in Thailand were found to have a partially sympatric boundary at the Surat Thani-Krabi depression (8-9°30'N). Morphologically, these two forms were very distinctive, with different morphological characters such as the crown patch, the white color of the triangle above the eyes, the red streak at the external rim of the eyes, pelage color, ischial callosity, tail length and carriage, facial height, and limb length in both sexes, and patterns of sex skin swelling and reddening in females. These differences in morphological characters between the northern and southern forms should help settle the problems of their taxonomy.

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The status of research on the mammals of Sulawesi, Indonesia

Broto

Mortelliti

2018

Mammal Review

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The Indonesian island of Sulawesi is widely considered a mammal conservation hotspot, mainly due to the high number of threatened endemic species with limited geographical ranges that are found there, and also due to the biogeographical importance of Sulawesi as the largest island in the Wallacea region. To date, there has been no comprehensive review to evaluate the status of what we know about mammals in Sulawesi. The overarching goal of our review is to contribute towards identifying knowledge gaps in the biology and ecology of mammals in Sulawesi. Our specific aims were to: 1) identify taxonomic and geographic bias in published research; 2) identify biases within existing ecological knowledge; and 3) identify key research priorities for the future. Our review covers a total of 280 articles (published between 1921 and 2017) on 144 species of mammal from Sulawesi. Through our review we found: 1) a strong taxonomic bias, with the majority of studies being conducted on primates (59% of published articles); 2) a geographic bias, where significantly fewer studies took place in the provinces of West Sulawesi and Gorontalo; and 3) a bias in research topics, with most studies (50% of published research) focusing on taxonomy and behaviour. As an outcome of this review, we provide specific recommendations for future researchers, including: 1) a checklist of understudied species, with particular emphasis on understudied species of conservation concern; 2) a checklist of understudied research topics, with an emphasis on the need to conduct detailed auto‐ecological studies; and 3) suggestions on how to adjust research methods on population and habitat studies.

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The ischial callosities of Sulawesi macaques

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Functional divergence of the bitter receptor TAS2R38 in Sulawesi macaques

Functional divergence of the bitter receptor TAS2R38 in Sulawesi macaques

Boundary zone between northern and southern pig-tailed macaques and their morphological differences

The status of research on the mammals of Sulawesi, Indonesia

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