The Japanese Breast Cancer Society clinical practice guideline for epidemiology and prevention of breast cancer

Abstract

Descriptive epidemiology of breast cancer in Japan MortalityThe vital statistics of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare show that the crude and age-adjusted death rates of patients with breast cancer increased consistently from the 1960s to 2011, but decreased in 2012. The number of deaths due to breast cancer in women was 12,529 in 2012. The crude death rate was 19.4 per 0.1 million population and ranked fifth highest, behind colon/rectum, lung, stomach, and pancreatic cancers in descending order. The age-adjusted death rate was 11.5 per 0.1 million population, which was second only to colon/rectum cancer and was followed by lung and stomach cancers. The age-specific death rate increased in a linear fashion under the age of 50 and slightly decreased until 80 years old. The ageadjusted death rate from breast cancer in Western countries is substantially greater than that in Japan, but has shown a tendency to decrease after reaching a peak around 1990, and thus the gap with Japan has been reduced [1]. IncidenceThe crude and age-adjusted incidences of breast cancer in women have tended to increase since 1975. The crude incidence of breast cancer including carcinoma in situ in

Genetic and environmental factors and serum hormones, and risk of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer in pre- and postmenopausal Japanese women

“…A history of never breastfeeding, and a positive history of benign breast disease were identified as environmental risk factors for premenopausal women, while a history of never breastfeeding, higher BMI, and the presence of hyperlipidemia were environmental risk factors for postmenopausal women in our analysis. These environmental factors are established risk factors for breast cancer [ 8 ]. A history of breastfeeding and BMI were included as risk factors in the Gail model, which is one of the breast cancer risk assessment tools.…”

“…The penetration of risk factors may vary by breast cancer subtype, especially those defined by ER status, and ethnicity [ 6 , 7 ]. The reported risk factors can be divided into three categories; environmental factors, endogenous factors including hormones, and common genetic variants including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) [ 8 ]. Previous studies demonstrated that inclusion of common genetic variants as well as environmental factors could improve risk assessment models [ 9 – 12 ].…”

Ductal Carcinoma <i>in situ</i> Detected during Prospective MR Imaging Screening of a Woman with a BRCA2 Mutation: The First Case Report in Japan

“…The usefulness of breast MRI screening for women bearing BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations has been newly adopted as a clinical question (CQ) in the Japanese Breast Cancer Society Clinical Practice Guideline. 12 …”

The Japanese Breast Cancer Society clinical practice guidelines for epidemiology and prevention of breast cancer, 2022 edition

“…After revision every 3 years, these guidelines were published in 2011 as the JBCS Clinical Practice Guidelines for Epidemiology and Prevention of Breast Cancer. Revised editions were published in 2013 [ 5 ] and 2015 [ 6 ], with revisions made every 2 years to keep up with the rapid accumulation of data and changes in the standard of care. A fully revised edition was published in 2018.…”