“…In this context, CT is a social form of organizing teaching in the classroom -for all school levels -where students are organized into smaller groups and all members of each group through collaboration seek to carry out the teaching and learning activities or part of them and implement common goals they have set, thus maximizing learning for all (Chatzidimou & Anagnostopoulou, 2011;Jakavonytė-Staškuvienė, 2021;Johnson & Johnson, 1990Kaldi, 2010;Matsagouras, 2002Matsagouras, , 2011Nikolakaki et al, 2010;Tamimy et al, 2023). As an extension of this problematic, one of the key features of CT, among others, is the "social form of classroom organization" where the classroom is not a sum of 20-30 students, but an organized social system, which depending on its dynamics influences and directs the behavior of students and the teacher towards one side or the other (Dimitriadou, 2016;JNalls & Wickerd, 2022;Matsagouras, 2011;Skopeliti & Riga, 2021). Also, the term 'social form of organizing instruction' relates to the way in which students in a classroom are organized into small groups -either in cooperative teaching in pairs of students or in small working group teaching -and more thoroughly to the way in which the relationships between them are organized (Matsagouras, 2011;Taratori & Kougiourouki, 2003).…”