The “jolly fat” for the middle-aged and older adults in China, was education level considered?

Xu, Jinpeng; Zhang, Hongyu; Zhang, Ting; Sun, Jiale; Shi, Qi; Liu, Jian; Tian, Guomei; Zhang, Bokai; Wang, Haixin; Wu, Qunhong; Kang, Zheng

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.08.093

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Except for KNOW2, KNOW3, and KNOW4, which were dichotomous variables (No/Yes), all variables were measured by asking respondents to rate their approval of each item on a 5-point Likert scale (from 1 to 5 indicating a complete agreement to complete disagreement). Similar to other studies, 34 , 35 scores above 3 were considered the high-level group, otherwise the low-level group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Public’s Self-Avoidance and Other-Reliance in the Reporting of Medical Insurance Fraud: A Cross-Sectional Survey in China

Xu,

Tian,

et al. 2023

RMHP

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Purpose To understand the public’s self-willingness to report medical insurance fraud and their expectations on others, to provide a reference for the government to do a good job in medical insurance anti-fraud. Methods Data were obtained from a questionnaire survey of 846 respondents in China. Descriptive statistical analyses and multinomial logistic regression were used to analyze the different subjective attitudes of the public toward different subjects when faced with medical insurance fraud and the influencing factors. Results 511 (60.40%) respondents were willing to report medical insurance fraud, while 739 (87.35%) respondents expected others to report it. 485 (57.33%) respondents were willing and expected others to report medical insurance fraud, followed by those who were not willing but expected others to report it (254, 30.02%). Compared to those who were unwilling to report themselves and did not want others to report, those who believe their reporting is useless ( OR =3.13, 95% CI=1.15–8.33) and those who fear for their safety after reporting ( OR =2.96, 95% CI=1.66–5.26) were more likely to expect others to report. Self-reporting willingness was stronger among the public who were satisfied with the government’s protective measures for the safety of whistleblowers ( OR =4.43, 95% CI=1.38–14.17). The public who believe that both themselves and others have responsibilities to report medical insurance fraud were willing to report and expect others to do the same. Conclusion The public had a “self-avoidance” and “other-reliance” mentality in medical insurance anti-fraud. The free-rider mentality, lack of empathy, concerns about own risk after reporting, and the interference of decentralized responsibility were important factors contributing to this public mentality. At this stage, the government should prevent the public’s “collective indifference” in medical insurance anti-fraud efforts. Improving the safety and protection of whistleblowers and making everyone feel more responsible and valued may be effective incentives to enhance the public’s willingness to report.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Public’s Self-Avoidance and Other-Reliance in the Reporting of Medical Insurance Fraud: A Cross-Sectional Survey in China

Xu,

Tian,

et al. 2023

RMHP

Self Cite

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“…The options for the two questions in both scenarios were set to “not willing at all, not very willing, not sure, very willing, and willing at all”. Similar to other studies [ 35 , 36 ], in the multiple logistic regression analysis, the dependent variable (willingness to report) was divided into two categories, with 0 indicating unwillingness (including “not willing at all “, “not very willing”, or “not sure”) and 1 indicating willingness (including “very willing” or “willing at all”).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What influences the public’s willingness to report health insurance fraud in familiar or unfamiliar healthcare settings? a cross-sectional study of the young and middle-aged people in China

Xu,

Zhang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Introduction Young and middle-aged people are important participants in the fight against health insurance fraud. The study aims to investigate the differences in their willingness to report health insurance fraud and the factors influencing it when it occurs in familiar or unfamiliar healthcare settings. Methods Data were obtained from a validated questionnaire from 828 young and middle-aged people. McNemar’s test was used to compare the public’s willingness to report under the two scenarios. Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the determinants of individuals’ willingness to report health insurance fraud in different scenarios. Results Young and middle-aged people were more likely to report health insurance fraud in a familiar healthcare setting than in an unfamiliar one (McNemar’s χ²=26.51, P < 0.05). Their sense of responsibility for maintaining the security of the health insurance fund, the government’s openness about fraud cases, and the perception of their ability to report had significant positive effects on the public’s willingness to report in both settings (P < 0.05). In a familiar healthcare setting, the more satisfied the public is with government measures to protect whistleblowers, the more likely they are to report (OR = 1.44, P = 0.025). Those who perceive the consequences of health insurance fraud to be serious are more likely to report than those who perceive the consequences to be less serious (OR = 1.61, P = 0.042). Conclusion Individuals are more likely to report health insurance fraud in familiar healthcare settings than in unfamiliar ones, in which their awareness of the severity of the consequences of health insurance fraud and their perceived risk after reporting it play an important role. The government’s publicizing of fraud cases and enhancing the public’s sense of responsibility and ability to maintain the safety of the health insurance fund may be a way to increase their willingness to report, regardless of whether they are familiar with the healthcare setting or not.

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“…It is notable that of the 14 studies included in this meta-analysis, 12 were carried out in Asian countries such as Korea, China and Taiwan. This raises the possibility that cultural factors in the valuation of high body weight may operate in some societies, particularly among older people with limited education [ 17 ]. For example, there is a traditional saying ‘laugh and grow fat’ in China that may continue to be lived out among older generations [ 18 ].…”

Section: Is High Body Weight Associated With Good or Poor Psychologic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and psychological distress

Steptoe,

Frank

2023

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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The relationship between high body weight and mental health has been studied for several decades. Improvements in the quality of epidemiological, mechanistic and psychological research have brought greater consistency to our understanding of the links. Large-scale population-based epidemiological research has established that high body weight is associated with poorer mental health, particularly depression and subclinical depressive symptoms. There is some evidence for bidirectional relationships, but the most convincing findings are that greater body weight leads to psychological distress rather than the reverse. Particular symptoms of depression and distress may be specifically related to greater body weight. The psychological stress induced by weight stigma and discrimination contributes to psychological distress, and may in turn handicap efforts at weight control. Heightened systemic inflammation and dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis are biological mechanisms that mediate in part the relationship of greater body weight with poorer mental health. Changing negative societal attitudes to high body weights would improve the wellbeing of people living with obesity, and promote more effective weight-inclusive attitudes and behaviours in society at large, particularly in healthcare settings. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Causes of obesity: theories, conjectures and evidence (Part II)’.

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The “jolly fat” for the middle-aged and older adults in China, was education level considered?

Cited by 4 publications

References 47 publications

The Public’s Self-Avoidance and Other-Reliance in the Reporting of Medical Insurance Fraud: A Cross-Sectional Survey in China

The Public’s Self-Avoidance and Other-Reliance in the Reporting of Medical Insurance Fraud: A Cross-Sectional Survey in China

What influences the public’s willingness to report health insurance fraud in familiar or unfamiliar healthcare settings? a cross-sectional study of the young and middle-aged people in China

Obesity and psychological distress

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