The Josephson diode effect in supercurrent interferometers

Souto, Rubén Seoane; Leijnse, Martin; Schrade, Constantin

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2205.04469

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Recent experimental observations [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] of this effect rely on inherent properties of the materials used to fabricate the devices, with proposed physical mechanisms including breaking of inversion and time reversal symmetries [3,11,12] and exotic superconductivity [13]. In a recent work it was also theorized that interferometers based upon higher harmonic Josephson junctions can realize the Josephson diode effect, with implementation relying on highly transparent quantum point contact JJs [14]. These approaches are material specific and difficult to scale for potential applications of the Josephson diode effect, such as dissipationless electronics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superconducting Diode Effect in a Three-terminal Josephson Device

Gupta¹,

Graziano²,

Pendharkar³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The phenomenon of non-reciprocal critical current in a Josephson device, termed Josephson diode effect, has garnered much recent interest. It is typically attributed to spin-orbit interaction and time reversal symmetry breaking in these systems. Here we report observation of the Josephson diode effect in a three-terminal Josephson device based upon InAs quantum well two-dimensional electron gas proximitized by epitaxial aluminum. We demonstrate that the diode efficiency can be tuned by a small out-of-plane magnetic field and electrostatic gating. We show that the diode effect in this device is a consequence of artificial realization of a current-phase relation that is non-2π-periodic.These Josephson devices may serve as gate tunable building blocks in designing topologically protected qubits. Furthermore, we show that the diode effect is an inherent property of multiterminal Josephson devices. This establishes an immediately scalable approach by which potential applications of the Josephson diode effect can be realized, which is agnostic to the underlying material platform.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superconducting Diode Effect in a Three-terminal Josephson Device

Gupta¹,

Graziano²,

Pendharkar³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…, which indicates that the magnitude of the nonreciprocity is of the order of a few %. Theories of nonreciprocal critical current, i.e., ∆I c , have been developed recently [12][13][14][15][16][17]. Note also that a recent experiment found the Josephson diode effect even without the external magnetic field [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of diode effect in d-wave superconductor junctions on the surface of topological insulator

Tanaka,

Lu,

Nagaosa

2022

Preprint

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Nonreciprocal responses of quantum matters attract recent intensive interests. With broken inversion symmetry P, it is generally expected that the response to the external field is different from that of the field in the opposite direction. This phenomenon is essential for the rectification characteristic of diode. Therefore, generation and control of nonreciprocity are of great importance to both fundamental physics and applications. A recent breakthrough in this direction is the discovery of superconducting diode effect. However, at present, the experimentally observed nonreciprocity is at most a few percent. The principle to enlarge rectification effect is highly desired to guide the design of superconducting diode. In the present paper, we study theoretically the Josephson junction S/FI/S (S: d-wave superconductor, FI: ferromagnetic insulator) on the surface of a topological insulator. We find that it can show a very large nonreciprocity, i.e., diode effect, by tuning the crystal axes of d-wave superconductors and the magnetization of FI. The difference of the maximum Josephson currents I c 's between the positive (I + c ) and negative (I − c ) directions can be about factor 2, where the current-phase relation is modified largely from the conventional one, due to the simultaneous presence of sin(ϕ), sin(2ϕ) and cos(ϕ) components with ϕ being the macroscopic phase difference between two superconductors. The predicted quality factor Q = (I + c − | I − c |)/(I + c + | I − c |) characterizing the diode effect has a strong temperature dependence and its sign is reversed by the change in the magnetization direction of FI. The enhancement of Q at low temperature stems from the Majorana bound states at the interface. This result can pave a way to realizing an efficient superconducting diode with low energy cost.

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“…However, this rectification is of extrinsic nature and not an intrinsic property, being induced by asymmetric junctions and the presence of an external flux threading the SQUID. [7][8][9] In fact, an intrinsic supercurrent analogue exists -the supercurrent diode effect (SDE) -whose exploitation would constitute a real breakthrough for low temperature technology and superconducting electronics. The first experimental report on the SDE, based on electrically polar materials, 10 has appeared very recently, demonstrating supercurrent rectification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first experimental report on the SDE, based on electrically polar materials, 10 has appeared very recently, demonstrating supercurrent rectification. Soon after, other systems [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] have been inspected looking at supercurrent non-reciprocal transport, complemented by theoretical efforts, 9,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] in order to shed light on the microscopic mechanisms responsible for the SDE. However, both from an experimental and a theoretical point of view, this field is still in its infancy with several open questions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Josephson Diode Effect in High Mobility InSb Nanoflags

Turini¹,

Salimian²,

Carrega³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We report evidence of non-reciprocal dissipation-less transport in single ballistic InSb nanoflag Josephson junctions, owing to a strong spin-orbit coupling. Applying an in-plane magnetic field, we observe an inequality in supercurrent for the two opposite current propagation directions. This demonstrates that these devices can work as Josephson diodes, with dissipation-less current flowing in only one direction. For small fields, the supercurrent asymmetry increases linearly with the external field, then it saturates as the Zeeman energy becomes relevant, before it finally decreases to zero at higher fields. We show that the effect is maximum when the in-plane field is perpendicular to the current vector, which identifies Rashba spin-orbit coupling as the main symmetry-breaking mechanism. While a variation in carrier concentration in these high-quality InSb nanoflags does not significantly influence the diode effect, it is instead strongly suppressed by an increase in temperature. Our experimental findings are consistent with a model for ballistic short junctions and show that the diode effect

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The Josephson diode effect in supercurrent interferometers

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Superconducting Diode Effect in a Three-terminal Josephson Device

Superconducting Diode Effect in a Three-terminal Josephson Device

Theory of diode effect in d-wave superconductor junctions on the surface of topological insulator

Josephson Diode Effect in High Mobility InSb Nanoflags

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