The Journey Through the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Narrative Review

Boccatonda, Andrea; Balletta, Marco; Vicari, Susanna; Hoxha, Ariela; Simioni, Paolo; Campello, Elena

doi:10.1055/s-0042-1758869

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…Several observational studies have documented the correlation between GM and VTE (Boccatonda et al, 2022;Reiner et al, 2019). The activation of in ammatory pathways in vascular endothelial cells, platelets, and innate immune cells can be induced by perturbations of the gut microbiome caused by environmental or genetic factors (Hasan et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the impact of gut microbiota on venous thromboembolism through a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study

Wang,

Fei,

Wang

2024

Preprint

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Background Recent studies have suggested an association between gut microbiota (GM) and venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, observational studies cannot indicate causality and population-level studies with a higher evidence level for causality are lacking. Therefore, our study aimed to explore the causal association of GM and VTE. Methods This study utilized the summary-level data of respective genome-wide association study for 196 gut microbial taxa and VTE. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design was deployed and comprehensively sensitive analyses were followed to validate the robustness of results. We used the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, the weighted median method, weighted mode method, simple mode method, MR-Egger regression, MR-Egger intercept test, Cochrane’s Q-test, outlier test, and leave-one-out analysis as the primary analysis. Results We identified suggestive associations between 17 bacterial traits and the risk of VTE. Porphyromonadaceae (IVW odds ratio (OR): 1.3729, p = 0.0035) and Cyanobacteria (IVW OR: 1.2151, p = 0.0048) were associated with increased risk of VTE. Three gut microbiota taxa (Eubacteriumrectalegroup (IVW OR: 1.0038, p = 0.0278), Coprococcus2 (IVW OR: 1.0041, p = 0.0063), and LachnospiraceaeUCG001 (IVW OR: 1.0041, p = 0.0009) were predicted to play a causal role in enhancing the risk of encompassing deep vein thrombosis. And three gut microbiota taxa (Christensenellaceae (IVW OR: 1.0023, p = 0.0497), Streptococcaceae (IVW OR: 1.0031, p = 0.0279), Victivallaceae (IVW OR: 1.0014, p = 0.0493) were positively associated with pulmonary embolism. Conclusions This study suggested the role of the specific GM on the risk for VTE, which may provide new ideas and a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of VTE in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the impact of gut microbiota on venous thromboembolism through a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study

Wang,

Fei,

Wang

2024

Preprint

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“…In addition, available data present ambiguity as other investigations have demonstrated a lack of correlation between PLT and thrombopoietin concentration [ 29 ], suggesting the existence of additional regulatory factors contributing to increased PLT in IBD [ 103 ]. Several studies have elucidated the pivotal role of platelet in connecting inflammation and coagulation in both UC and CD, establishing a detrimental cycle in which contributing parameters mutually propagate and intensify [ 8 , 104 ]. There is compelling evidence supporting the notion that platelets function as potent proinflammatory cells, in addition to their role in hemostasis [ 105 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal platelet parameters in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Xu,

Song,

et al. 2024

BMC Gastroenterol

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Background Platelet dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Despite clinical observations indicating abnormalities in platelet parameters among IBD patients, inconsistencies persist, and these parameters lack standardization for diagnosis or clinical assessment. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant articles published up to December 16th, 2023. A random-effects model was employed to pool the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT) between IBD patients and healthy controls, and subgroup analyses were performed. Results The meta-analysis included 79 articles with 8,350 IBD patients and 13,181 healthy individuals. The results revealed significantly increased PLT and PCT levels (WMD: 69.910, 95% CI: 62.177, 77.643 109/L; WMD: 0.046%, 95% CI: 0.031%, 0.061%), and decreased MPV levels (WMD: -0.912, 95% CI: -1.086, -0.739 fL) in IBD patients compared to healthy individuals. No significant difference was found in PDW between the IBD and control groups (WMD: -0.207%, 95% CI: -0.655%, 0.241%). Subgroup analysis by disease type and disease activity showed no change in the differences for PLT, PCT, and MPV in the ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease groups, as well as the active and inactive groups. Notably, the active group exhibited significantly lower PDW levels than the control group (WMD: -1.138%, 95% CI: -1.535%, -0.741%). Conclusions Compared with healthy individuals, IBD patients display significantly higher PLT and PCT and significantly lower MPV. Monitoring the clinical manifestations of platelet abnormalities serves as a valuable means to obtain diagnostic and prognostic information. Conversely, proactive measures should be taken to prevent the consequences of platelet abnormalities in individuals with IBD. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42023493848.

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“…Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) [ 43 , 44 , 45 ] can develop PVT. PVT incidence shows a mild predominance of Crohn’s disease [ 43 ].…”

Section: Risk Factors For Portal Vein Thrombosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Portal Vein Thrombosis: State-of-the-Art Review

Boccatonda,

Gentilini,

Zanata

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background: Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a rare disease with an estimated incidence of 2 to 4 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. The most common predisposing conditions for PVT are chronic liver diseases (cirrhosis), primary or secondary hepatobiliary malignancy, major infectious or inflammatory abdominal disease, or myeloproliferative disorders. Methods: PVT can be classified on the basis of the anatomical site, the degree of venous occlusion, and the timing and type of presentation. The main differential diagnosis of PVT, both acute and chronic, is malignant portal vein invasion, most frequently by hepatocarcinoma, or constriction (typically by pancreatic cancer or cholangiocarcinoma). Results: The management of PVT is based on anticoagulation and the treatment of predisposing conditions. The aim of anticoagulation in acute thrombosis is to prevent the extension of the clot and enable the recanalization of the vein to avoid the development of complications, such as intestinal infarction and portal hypertension. Conclusions: The treatment with anticoagulant therapy favors the reduction of portal hypertension, and this allows for a decrease in the risk of bleeding, especially in patients with esophageal varices. The anticoagulant treatment is generally recommended for at least three to six months. Prosecution of anticoagulation is advised until recanalization or lifelong if the patient has an underlying permanent pro-coagulant condition that cannot be corrected or if there is thrombosis extending to the mesenteric veins.

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The Journey Through the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Narrative Review

Cited by 10 publications

References 120 publications

Investigating the impact of gut microbiota on venous thromboembolism through a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study

Investigating the impact of gut microbiota on venous thromboembolism through a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study

Abnormal platelet parameters in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Portal Vein Thrombosis: State-of-the-Art Review

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