The juxta-oral organ of Chievitz (organum yuxtaorale) updated: Embryology, anatomy, function and pathology

Suárez‐Quintanilla, Juan; Martín‐Cruces, José; Martín‐Biedma, Benjamín; Cobo, Juan; Mérida-García, Antonio; Vicente, Juan Carlos de; Junquera, Luís; Mérida‐Velasco, José Ramón; Vega, J.A.

doi:10.1016/j.aanat.2020.151582

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Iwasaki et al [28] state that the tongues of strepsirrhines are more precise and better equipped than haplorhines to make fine movements outside the oral cavity. Esta estructura encapsulada, ubicada en la parte anteroventral de la lengua, se asemeja a otra estructura encapsulada como es el órgano yuxta-oral de Chievitz (JOO, for review see [47]). The JOO are important to control movements during oral cavity tasks, such as mastication, swallowing, and sucking [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tongue in Three Species of Lemurs: Flower and Nectar Feeding Adaptations

Pastor

Muchlinski

Potau

et al. 2021

Animals

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The mobility of the primate tongue allows for the manipulation of food, but, in addition, houses both general sensory afferents and special sensory end organs. Taste buds can be found across the tongue, but the ones found within the fungiform papillae on the anterior two thirds of the tongue are the first gustatory structures to come into contact with food, and are critical in making food ingestion decisions. Comparative studies of both the macro and micro anatomy in primates are sparse and incomplete, yet there is evidence that gustatory adaptation exists in several primate taxa. One is the distally feathered tongues observed in non-destructive nectar feeders, such as Eulemur rubriventer. We compare both the macro and micro anatomy of three lemurid species who died of natural causes in captivity. We included the following two non-destructive nectar feeders: Varecia variegata and Eulemur macaco, and the following destructive flower feeder: Lemur catta. Strepsirrhines and tarsiers are unique among primates, because they possess a sublingua, which is an anatomical structure that is located below the tongue. We include a microanatomical description of both the tongue and sublingua, which were accomplished using hematoxylin–eosin and Masson trichrome stains, and scanning electron microscopy. We found differences in the size, shape, and distribution of fungiform papillae, and differences in the morphology of conical papillae surrounding the circumvallate ones in all three species. Most notably, large distinct papillae were present at the tip of the tongue in nectar-feeding species. In addition, histological images of the ventro-apical portion of the tongue displayed that it houses an encapsulated structure, but only in Lemur catta case such structure presents cartilage inside. The presence of an encapsulated structure, coupled with the shared morphological traits associated with the sublingua and the tongue tip in Varecia variegata and Eulemur macaco, point to possible feeding adaptations that facilitate non-destructive flower feeding in these two lemurids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tongue in Three Species of Lemurs: Flower and Nectar Feeding Adaptations

Pastor

Muchlinski

Potau

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…This organ was also described as in close proximity to the site used for inferior alveolar nerve block injection [ 24 ]. Other authors reported that the juxtaoral organ is located in the infratemporal region, at the level of the submucosa, in the retromolar trigone, medial to the medial pterygoid muscle and in relation with the pterygomandibular raphe [ 4 , 10 , 15 ]. Ramos-Vega and Roa [ 4 ] used, for the first time, head sections of a plastinated Asian male cadaver.…”

Section: Juxtaoral Organ Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The juxtaoral organ consists of an epithelial parenchyma embedded in a highly organized connective tissue rich in nerves and sensory receptors [ 1 , 15 , 23 ].…”

Section: Juxtaoral Organ Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, various authors have suggested that the juxtaoral organ might be a mechanoreceptor organ involved in different sensory information concerning the lateral wall of the oral cavity, such as sucking, deglutition, mastication and the protection of wall reflexes and tonus [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Recently, Suárez-Quintanilla et al [ 15 ] provided additional indirect findings, through analyses of the innervation and the expression of putative mechanoproteins required for mechanosensing and mechanotransduction, which might confirm its mechanoreceptor function, at least during development. It was also hypothesized that the juxtaoral organ might become differentiated during development and thus might perform both secretory activity and neuroreceptor or sensory functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the juxtaoral organ develops from the ectoderm of the lateral wall of the oral cavity as a tubule at the sulcus buccalis that invaginates into the mesenchyme. However, during prenatal development, the connection with the oral cavity disappears [ 15 ]. Mérida-Velasco et al [ 17 ], through the evaluation of 55 human embryos and 95 foetuses at different stages of development, described the morphogenesis of the juxtaoral organ in humans and, interestingly, reported that it comes from the epithelium of the lower segment of the transverse opening of the stomodeum during O’Rahilly Stage 16, subsequently separating from the epithelium in O’Rahilly Stage 18.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Juxtaoral Organ: From Anatomy to Clinical Relevance

Favero

Rodella

2022

Diagnostics

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The juxtaoral organ was first described 1885 as a rudimentary structure that developed and disappeared in the embryonic period. Since then, it has been studied further and is now known to be a permanent anatomical structure of considerable importance in clinical, surgical and pathological fields. However, there are no precise and uniform descriptions about its anatomical localization and functional significance. Precise and in-depth anatomical knowledge is crucial to reducing the risk of incorrect identification of the juxtaoral organ, due to fact that this anatomical structure can be misinterpreted as a carcinoma, leading to unnecessary treatments. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to summarize the actual knowledge on the gross and microscopic anatomy of the juxtaoral organ and outline its clinical relevance in order to prevent unnecessary investigations/treatments of this anatomical pitfall. We believe that further studies are still needed to add new perspectives in relation to the juxtaoral organ.

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