The Karyotype of Franciscana Dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei)

Heinzelmann, Larissa Schemes; Chagastelles, Pedro César; Danilewicz, Daniel; Andrades-Miranda, Jaqueline

doi:10.1093/jhered/esn064

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…(1977) . This characteristic is considered a peculiarity of the Mesoplodon species karyotype, because it is not found in other cetaceans, e.g., Stenella clymene ( Árnason, 1980 ), Phocoena phocoena ( Árnason, 1980 ), Physeter macrocephalus ( Árnason, 1981a ), and Pontoporia blainvillei ( Heinzelmann et al. , 2008 ).…”

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Description of the karyotypes of Stejneger's beaked whale (Mesoplodon stejnegeri) and Hubbs’ beaked whale (M. carlhubbsi)

et al. 2017

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The genus Mesoplodon (Cetacea: Odontoceti: Ziphiidae) is one of the few cetacean genera with the karyotype 2n = 42. The 2n = 42 karyotype of M. europaeus and M. carlhubbsi is largely consistent with the general cetacean karyotype 2n = 44, although other 2n = 42 karyotypes do not exhibit clear homologies with the general cetacean karyotype. Therefore, the chromosomes of Mesoplodon species may be the key to understanding cetacean karyological evolution. In the present study, the male karyotypes of M. stejnegeri and M. carlhubbsi were examined. In both species, the diploid number of the male karyotype was 42. Both species had the following characteristics: 1) a huge subtelocentric X chromosome with a large C-block; 2) a small metacentric Y chromosome; 3) nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) in the terminal regions of a large autosome and one or two small metacentric autosomes; 4) small metacentric autosomes; 5) large submetacentric and subtelocentric autosomes; 6) less accumulated C-heterochromatin in the centromeric region; and 7) heteromorphism in C-heterochromatin accumulation between homologues. Characteristics 1 and 3 are peculiar to only the karyotypes of Mesoplodon species, whereas characteristics 4, 5, 6, and 7 are also found in the species with the general cetacean karyotype 2n = 44.

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Description of the karyotypes of Stejneger's beaked whale (Mesoplodon stejnegeri) and Hubbs’ beaked whale (M. carlhubbsi)

et al. 2017

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“…cean species [Carr et al, 1966;Arnason, 1969Arnason, , 1970Arnason, , 1974Arnason, , 1981Arnason, , 1982Arnason et al, 1980;Heinzelmann et al, 2008]. The chromosome maps of 3 Odontoceti, Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) [Bielec et al, 1998], pilot whale (Globicephala melas) [Kulemzina et al, 2009] and Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis) [Nie et al, 2012], were obtained using comparative chromosome painting and turned out to be identical.…”

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Comparative Chromosome Map and Heterochromatin Features of the Gray Whale Karyotype (Cetacea)

Kulemzina

Proskuryakova

Beklemisheva

et al. 2016

Cytogenet Genome Res

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Cetacean karyotypes possess exceptionally stable diploid numbers and highly conserved chromosomes. To date, only toothed whales (Odontoceti) have been analyzed by comparative chromosome painting. Here, we studied the karyotype of a representative of baleen whales, the gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus, Mysticeti), by Zoo-FISH with dromedary camel and human chromosome-specific probes. We confirmed a high degree of karyotype conservation and found an identical order of syntenic segments in both branches of cetaceans. Yet, whale chromosomes harbor variable heterochromatic regions constituting up to a third of the genome due to the presence of several types of repeats. To investigate the cause of this variability, several classes of repeated DNA sequences were mapped onto chromosomes of whale species from both Mysticeti and Odontoceti. We uncovered extensive intrapopulation variability in the size of heterochromatic blocks present in homologous chromosomes among 3 individuals of the gray whale by 2-step differential chromosome staining. We show that some of the heteromorphisms observed in the gray whale karyotype are due to distinct amplification of a complex of common cetacean repeat and heavy satellite repeat on homologous autosomes. Furthermore, we demonstrate localization of the telomeric repeat in the heterochromatin of both gray and pilot whale (Globicephala melas, Odontoceti). Heterochromatic blocks in the pilot whale represent a composite of telomeric and common repeats, while heavy satellite repeat is lacking in the toothed whale consistent with previous studies.

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“…The latter is now presumably extinct (Turvey et al 2007). Recent investigations, however, have presented data suggesting that the La Plata dolphin, the Amazon river‐dolphin, and the baiji are more closely related to the genuine dolphins (delphinids) than to P. gangetica (Rice 1998, Fordyce and Muizon 2001, Price et al 2005, Kossatz 2006, Heinzelmann et al . 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The latter is now presumably extinct (Turvey et al 2007). Recent investigations, however, have presented data suggesting that the La Plata dolphin, the Amazon river-dolphin, and the baiji are more closely related to the genuine dolphins (delphinids) than to P. gangetica (Rice 1998, Fordyce and Muizon 2001, Price et al 2005, Kossatz 2006, Heinzelmann et al 2009). In general, the extant river-dolphins are characterized by some plesiomorphic characters including a long and narrow (tweezers-like) rostrum, a small melon (Mead 1975), small brain (Schwerdtfeger et al 1984), and, with the exception of P. gangetica, a relatively symmetrical facial skull (Ness 1967, Barnes 1985, Oelschläger 1990, Kossatz 2006.…”

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Epicranial complex of the La Plata dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei): Topographical and functional implications

Huggenberger¹,

Vogl

Oelschläger

2010

Marine Mammal Science

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The Karyotype of Franciscana Dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei)

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

Description of the karyotypes of Stejneger's beaked whale (Mesoplodon stejnegeri) and Hubbs’ beaked whale (M. carlhubbsi)

Description of the karyotypes of Stejneger's beaked whale (Mesoplodon stejnegeri) and Hubbs’ beaked whale (M. carlhubbsi)

Comparative Chromosome Map and Heterochromatin Features of the Gray Whale Karyotype (Cetacea)

Epicranial complex of the La Plata dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei): Topographical and functional implications

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