The Kathikas mélange, SW Cyprus: late Cretaceous submarine debris flows

Swarbrick, Richard E.; Naylor, Michael A.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3091.1980.tb01158.x

Cited by 65 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In the Campanian, deepwater bentonitic mud rocks and tuffaceous sandstones document a major andesitic-dacitic event (Kannaviou Formation; Robertson 1977). Final welding between Troodos and Mamonia is evidenced by Maastrichtian debris flow deposits with clasts derived from both terranes (Kathikas Formation; Swarbrick and Naylor 1980).…”

Section: The Pillow-lava Seriesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Actualistic Ophiolite Provenance: The Cyprus Case

Garzanti¹,

Andó²,

Scutellà³

2000

The Journal of Geology

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The island of Cyprus represents an excellent site to assess quantitatively petrologic clastic response to actively obducting oceanic sources in order to define an actualistic reference for ophiolite provenance, in terms of framework composition and heavy mineral suites. An improved methodology, an extension of the classic ternary QFL logic to include a wider spectrum of key indexes and ratios, provides an accurate synthesis of modal data and allows differentiation of three main petrographic provinces and at least seven subprovinces. Diagnostic signatures of detritus from various levels of an oceanic lithospheric source, and criteria for distinguishing provenance from suprasubduction versus mid-oceanic ophiolites are also outlined. Modern sands derived from the Troodos Ophiolite contain variable proportions of largely pelagic carbonate to chert, boninite to basalt, diabase to metabasite, plagiogranite to gabbroic, and cumulate grains supplied from progressively deeper-seated levels of the multilayered oceanic crust. Dense minerals are mainly clinopyroxenes (diopside), prevailing over orthopyroxenes (enstatite, hypersthene, clinoenstatite), hornblende, tremolite/actinolite, and epidote. Where serpentinized mantle harzburgites have been unroofed, detritus is markedly enriched in cellular serpentinite grains and enstatite, with still negligible olivine and spinel. Sedimentaclastic sands dominated by chert (Mamonia Province) or carbonate grains (Kyrenia Province) are deposited along the southern and northern shores of the island, respectively. Compositions of Cyprus sands are virtually unaffected by climatic, sedimentary, or anthropic processes; recycling of sandstones from foreign sources is a major process only in the Karpaz Peninsula. Petrographic analysis also provides an independent mean to identify prevalent directions of longshore sand transport.

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Section: The Pillow-lava Seriesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Actualistic Ophiolite Provenance: The Cyprus Case

Garzanti¹,

Andó²,

Scutellà³

2000

The Journal of Geology

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“…The Mamonia Complex is stratigraphically overlain successively by an olistostrome unit composed of metre-to kilometre-size blocks of the underlying rocks (Mamonia volcanics and sediments, Ayia Varvara metamorphic rocks, silicified serpentinites: Malpas, Xenophontos & Williams, 1992) set into a grey to pink argillaceous matrix (Moni Mélange and/or Kathikas Mélange: Swarbrick & Naylor, 1980) and by the gently deformed Late Cretaceous to Early Tertiary Lefkara Formation (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Geological Features Of the Troodos And Mamonia Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mamonia Complex (SW Cyprus) revisited: remnant of Late Triassic intra-oceanic volcanism along the Tethyan southwestern passive margin

et al. 2006

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International audienceUpper Triassic volcanic and sedimentary rocks of the Mamonia Complex in southwestern Cyprus are exposed in erosional windows through the post-Cretaceous cover, where the Mamonia Complex is tectonically imbricated with the Troodos and Akamas ophiolitic suites. Most of these Upper Triassic volcanic rocks have been considered to represent remnants of Triassic oceanic crust and its associated seamounts. New Nd and Pb isotopic data show that the whole Mamonia volcanic suite exhibits features of oceanic island basalts (OIB). Four rock types have been distinguished on the basis of the petrology and chemistry of the rocks. Volcanism began with the eruption of depleted olivine tholeiites (Type 1) and oceanic island tholeiites (Type 2) associated with deep basin siliceous and/or calcareous sediments. The tholeiites were followed by highly phyric alkali basalts (Type 3) interbedded with pelagic Halobia-bearing limestones or white reefal limestones. Strongly LREE-enriched trachytes (Type 4) were emplaced during the final stage of volcanic activity. Nd and Pb isotopic ratios suggest that tholeiites and mildly alkali basalts derived from partial melting of heterogeneous enriched mantle sources. Fractional crystallization alone cannot account for the derivation of trachytes from alkaline basalts. The trachytes could have been derived from the partial melting at depth of mafic material which shares with the alkali basalts similar trace element and isotopic compositions. This is corroborated by the rather similar isotopic compositions of the alkali basalts and trachytes. The correlations observed between incompatible elements (Nb, Th) and {varepsilon}Nd and Pb isotopic initial ratios suggest that the Mamonia suite was derived from the mixing of a depleted mantle (DMM) and an enriched component of High µ (µ = 238U/204Pb, HIMU) type. Models using both Nd and Pb isotopic initial ratios suggest that the depleted tholeiites (Type 1) derived from a DMM source contaminated by an Enriched Mantle Type 2 component (EM2), and that the oceanic tholeiites (Type 2), alkali basalts (Type 3) and trachytes (Type 4) were derived from the mixing of the enriched mantle source of the depleted tholeiites with a HIMU component. None of the Mamonia volcanic rocks show evidence of crustal contamination. The Upper Triassic within-plate volcanism likely erupted in a small southerly Neotethyan basin, located north of the Eratosthenes seamount and likely floored by oceanic crust

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“…The slide blocks and clasts, from centimeters to meters in size, show irregular to subangular shape and are randomly distributed in a grayish shaly/clayey matrix with reddish to purple internal banding. In turn, the matrix has a typical brecciated (i.e., clastic) fabric (see Ogniben 1953;Rigo de Righi 1956;Abbate et al 1981; with prevailingly clayey microclasts (less than one cm in dimension, see Swarbick and Naylor, 1980) dispersed and sustained by open honeycomb texture clays (e.g., Pini 1999).…”

Section: Olistostromes In the Northwestern Part Of The Northern Apennmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Oligocene–early Miocene olistostromes (sedimentary mélanges) as tectono-stratigraphic constraints to the geodynamic evolution of the exhumed Ligurian accretionary complex (Northern Apennines, NW Italy)

Festa

Ogata

Pini

et al. 2014

International Geology Review

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This is an author version of the contribution published on:Questa è la versione dell'autore dell'opera: Review, v. 57, no. 5-8, 540-562. Doi: 10.1080/00206814.2014. Festa et al. (2015) -International GeologyThe definitive version is available at:La versione definitiva è disponibile alla URL:http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tigr20 AbstractIn the Northern Apennines of Italy, mud-rich olistostromes (sedimentary mélanges) occur at different stratigraphic levels within late Oligocene -early Miocene sedimentary record of episutural/wedge-top basins. They are widely distributed along the exhumed outer part of the Ligurian accretionary complex, atop of the outer Apenninic prowedge, over an area of about 300 km long and 10-15 km wide. Olistostromes represent excellent examples of ancient submarine mass-transport complexes (MTCs), consisting of stacked cohesive debris flows that can be directly compared with some of those observed in modern accretionary wedges. We describe the internal arrangement of olistostrome occurrences in the sector between Voghera and the Monferrato, analyzing their relationships with mesoscale liquefaction features, which are commonly difficult to observe in modern MTCs. Slope failures occurred in isolated sectors along the wedge front, where out-of-sequence thrusting, seismicity and different pulses of overpressured tectonically-induced fluid flows acted concomitantly. Referring to the Northern Apennines regional geology, we also point out a gradual lateral rejuvenation (from late Oligocene to early Miocene) toward the SE and an increasing in size and thickness of the olistostromes along the strike of the frontal Apenninic prowedge. This suggests that morphological reshaping of the outer prowedge via mass transport processes balanced with different pulses in a short time span the SE-ward migration and segmentation of the accretionary processes. The latter have been probably favored by the occurrence in the northwestern part of the Northern Apennines of major, inherited paleogeographic features controlling the northward propagation of the prowedge. The detailed knowledge of olistostromes, as ancient examples of MTCs related to syn-sedimentary tectonics and shale diapirism, and of their lateral variations in term of age and size, provides useful information for better understanding both the tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the Apenninic prowedge and the submarine slope failures in modern accretionary wedges.

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The Kathikas mélange, SW Cyprus: late Cretaceous submarine debris flows

Cited by 65 publications

References 21 publications

Actualistic Ophiolite Provenance: The Cyprus Case

Actualistic Ophiolite Provenance: The Cyprus Case

The Mamonia Complex (SW Cyprus) revisited: remnant of Late Triassic intra-oceanic volcanism along the Tethyan southwestern passive margin

Late Oligocene–early Miocene olistostromes (sedimentary mélanges) as tectono-stratigraphic constraints to the geodynamic evolution of the exhumed Ligurian accretionary complex (Northern Apennines, NW Italy)

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