The Kevitsa Ni-Cu-PGE Deposit in the Central Lapland Greenstone Belt in Finland

Santaguida, Frank; Luolavirta, Kirsi; Lappalainen, Markku; Ylinen, J.; Voipio, T.; Jones, Stephen Rees

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-410438-9.00008-x

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Disseminated sulfides in peridotitic and pyroxenitic cumulates have been studied in a number of deposits, with examples being given here from four: Kevitsa in arctic Finland (Yang et al, 2013;Santaguida et al, 2015;Le Vaillant et al, 2016), the Mirabela Intrusion (Santa Rita deposit) in north-eastern Brazil (Barnes et al, 2011c), the Merensky Reef of the Bushveld Complex in South Africa (Godel et al, 2010), and the JM Reef of the Stillwater Complex in the USA (Godel et al, 2006).…”

Section: Disseminated Sulfides In Layered Intrusion Cumulatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfide-silicate textures in magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide ore deposits: Disseminated and net-textured ores

Barnes

Mungall

Godel

et al. 2017

American Mineralogist

128

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A large proportion of ores in magmatic sulfide deposits consist of mixtures of cumulus silicate minerals, sulfide liquid and silicate melt, with characteristic textural relationships that provide essential clues to their origin. Within silicate-sulfide cumulates, there is a range of sulfide abundance in magmatic-textured silicate-sulfide ores between ores with up to about five modal percent sulfides, called "disseminated ores", and "net-textured" (or "matrix") ores containing about 30 to 70 modal percent sulfide forming continuous networks enclosing cumulus silicates. Disseminated ores in cumulates have a variety of textural types relating to the presence or absence of trapped interstitial silicate melt and (rarely) vapour bubbles. Spherical or oblate spherical globules with smooth menisci, as in the Black Swan disseminated ores, are associated with silicate-filled cavities interpreted as amygdales or segregation vesicles. More irregular globules lacking internal differentiation and having partially facetted margins are interpreted as entrainment of previously segregated, partially solidified sulfide. There is a textural continuum between various types of disseminated and net-textured ores, intermediate types commonly taking the form of "patchy net-textured ores" containing sulfide-rich and sulfide-poor domains at cm to dm scale. These textures are ascribed primarily to the process of sulfide percolation, itself triggered by the process of competitive wetting whereby the silicate melt preferentially wets silicate crystal surfaces. The process is self-reinforcing as sulfide migration causes sulfide networks to grow by coalescence, with a larger rise height and hence a greater gravitational driving force for percolation and silicate melt displacement. Many of the textural variants catalogued here, including poikilitic or leopard-textured ores, can be explained in these terms. Additional complexity is added by factors such as the presence of oikocrysts and segregation of sulfide liquid during strain-rate dependent thixotropic behaviour of partially consolidated cumulates. Integrated textural and geochemical studies are critical to full understanding of ore-forming systems.

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Section: Disseminated Sulfides In Layered Intrusion Cumulatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfide-silicate textures in magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide ore deposits: Disseminated and net-textured ores

Barnes

Mungall

Godel

et al. 2017

American Mineralogist

128

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“…The Kevitsa mineralised ultramafic intrusion has been the subject of many studies which provide good constraints on its geometry, internal compositional variations in base metals and PGE, intensity and distribution of the various hydrothermal alteration styles, and on the main structures possibly affecting the system (Gervilla and Kojonen, 2002;Grinenko et al, 2003;Hanski et al, 2001;Mutanen, 1997;Mutanen and Huhma, 2001;Standing et al, 2009;Yang et al, 2013;Santaguida et al, 2015). The Kevitsa deposit shows a wide range of primary metal tenors, in texturally homogeneous disseminated ores, with rock types ranging from essentially fresh igneous pyroxenites and peridotites to extensively hydrated amphibolites showing a range of different alteration assemblages (Mutanen, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of hydrous alteration on the distribution of base metals and platinum group elements within the Kevitsa magmatic nickel sulphide deposit

Vaillant

Barnes

Fiorentini

et al. 2016

Ore Geology Reviews

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“…The ore is enriched in Cu and Ni with chalcopyrite, cubanite, and pentlandite being the main valuable minerals of interest [25]. The sulfide is mostly disseminated, and no strong variation in terms of mineralogy is observed throughout the ore body [26].…”

Section: Mine Site Mineralogy and Water Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolution Test Protocol for Estimating Water Quality Changes in Minerals Processing Plants Operating With Closed Water Circulation

Schreithofer

Dahl

2020

Minerals

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To save freshwater resources and comply with environmental regulations, minerals processing operations are transitioning to partially or fully closed water circulation. However, the accumulation of electrolytes and the addition of reagents lead to changes in water composition and may compromise flotation performance and plant maintenance. As a consequence, costly modifications are often required to cope with these challenges. Therefore, knowledge about water quality variation owing to closed water circulation and its potential effect on the flotation performance is crucial. The experimental methodology presented in this paper targeted three main objectives: (1) predicting the tendency of the accumulation of elements and compounds into the process water during comminution, flotation, and storage in tailings facilities; (2) establishing a relationship between laboratory results and plant historical water quality data; and (3) predicting the potential effect of recycling water on flotation performance. The results obtained with Boliden Kevitsa ore showed a good correlation between the water matrix of the actual process water on-site and that obtained in the ore dissolution tests done in the laboratory. The final water composition came close to the process water in terms of major elements and some of the minor elements. Additionally, the work presented in this paper demonstrated that a dissolution loop allowed us to predict the potential impact of the recycling water on the ore flotability. This methodology could serve as an aid for predicting water quality matrix variation and designing closed water circulation systems at existing and new plants.

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The Kevitsa Ni-Cu-PGE Deposit in the Central Lapland Greenstone Belt in Finland

Cited by 25 publications

References 4 publications

Sulfide-silicate textures in magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide ore deposits: Disseminated and net-textured ores

Sulfide-silicate textures in magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide ore deposits: Disseminated and net-textured ores

Effects of hydrous alteration on the distribution of base metals and platinum group elements within the Kevitsa magmatic nickel sulphide deposit

Dissolution Test Protocol for Estimating Water Quality Changes in Minerals Processing Plants Operating With Closed Water Circulation

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