The kinetics of calcite dissolution in CO 2 -water systems at 5 degrees to 60 degrees C and 0.0 to 1.0 atm CO 2

Plummer, L. Niel; Wigley, T. M. L.; Parkhurst, David L.

doi:10.2475/ajs.278.2.179

Cited by 1,059 publications

(740 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

705

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Aquifer 1A = glacial and fluvial, medium fine sand of Pleistocene age; Aquifer 1B = fluvial, coarse grained sand of Pleistocene age; Aquifer 2 = fluvial, coarse grained sand of early Pleistocene age, with clay intercalations large quantities of minerals. While information on precipitation and dissolution kinetics is available for some minerals like calcite (Plummer et al 1978) and amorphous silica (Rimstidt and Barnes 1980), it is lacking for minerals like vivianite and hydroxyapatite. In addition, there is no precise understanding of SI thresholds for dissolution and precipitation in different water types.…”

Section: Noordoostpoldermentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits and hurdles of using brackish groundwater as a drinking water source in the Netherlands

Stuyfzand

Raat

2009

Hydrogeol J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The production of fresh drinking water from brackish groundwater by reverse osmosis (BWRO) is becoming more attractive, even in temperate climates. For successful application of BWRO, the following approach is advocated: (1) select brackish source groundwater with a large volume and a composition that will yield a concentrate (waste water) with low mineral saturation; (2) maintain the feed water salinity at a constant level by pumping several wells with different salinities; (3) keep the permeate-to-concentrate ratio low, to avoid supersaturation in the concentrate; (4) keep the system anoxic (to avoid oxidation reactions) and pressurized (to prevent formation of gas bubbles); and (5) select a confined aquifer for deep well injection where groundwater quality is inferior to the membrane concentrate. This approach is being tested at two BWRO pilot plants in the Netherlands. Research issues are the pumping of a stable brackish source water, the reverse osmosis system performance, membrane fouling, quality changes in the target aquifer as a result of concentrate disposal, and clogging of the injection well. First evaluations of the membrane concentrate indicate that it is crucial to understand the kinetics of mineral precipitation on the membranes, in the injection wells, and in the target aquifer.

show abstract

Section: Noordoostpoldermentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits and hurdles of using brackish groundwater as a drinking water source in the Netherlands

Stuyfzand

Raat

2009

Hydrogeol J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In our experiment, the value of (1 À W) n % 1 because of the high level of disequilibrium imposed by the constant injection of CO 2 -rich fluid (W % 10 À3 ). Far from equilibrium, k = k 1 a H + k 2 a H 2 CO 3 + k 3 a H 2 O , where a i denotes the activity of species i, and k 1 , k 2 and k 3 are the kinetic rate constants at 25°C (mol.m À2 .s À1 ) [Plummer et al, 1978]. For acidic fluids (i.e., pH < 4.5), the rate of dissolution is principally pH dependent and therefore r decreases progressively from the inlet to the outlet side as H + ions are consumed during the calcite dissolution reaction.…”

Section: Rate Of Dissolution and Reactive Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of porosity and permeability effects from microstructure changes during limestone dissolution

Noiriel

2004

Geophysical Research Letters

155

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] We studied experimentally the dissolution of a porous limestone core during CO 2 -enriched water injection. We measured the changes in porosity and permeability arising from modifications of the pore network geometry and the fluid-rock interface. A methodology based on periodic X-ray microtomography imaging was implemented to record the evolution of the time-and scale-dependent microstructures with a spatial resolution of 4.91 mm. Two processes were successively involved in the rapid permeability increase of the sample, as documented from microscale to core-scale measurements. First, the microcrystalline phase was partially dissolved, associated with displacement of mineral particles. During this process, the exponent n of the power law k $ f n decreased continuously. Secondly the sparitic phase dissolved, accompanied by a decrease of the pore wall roughness and an increase of the pore connectivity. This second period was characterized by a constant value of n. The reactive surface decreased noticeably during the transition from the microcrystalline to the sparitic dissolution periods, whereas the effective porosity increased strongly.

show abstract

“…where k i are kinetic coefficients that are a function of temperature and P CO 2 , and a x is the activity of ion x [Plummer et al, 1978]. Rates were converted from mols −1 cm −2 to mmyr −1 using a limestone density of 2.6 g cm −3 .…”

Section: Calculation Of Dissolution Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Use of mean daily discharge values provided substantially more data to explore discharge-dissolution rate relationships than use of instantaneous discharge values, which were available for fewer samples. Use of daily average discharge [Plummer et al, 1978] Mean dissolution rates were calculated for each site. Under supersaturated conditions, the PWP rate becomes negative.…”

Section: Processing Of Water Chemistry Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural variations in calcite dissolution rates in streams: Controls, implications, and open questions

Covington

Gulley

Gabrovšek

2015

Geophysical Research Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Models of bedrock channel evolution typically assume that chemical erosion is negligible in comparison to mechanical erosion. While this assumption is reasonable for channels in silicate rocks, it is questionable within highly soluble strata such as carbonates. The magnitude and variability of calcite dissolution rates in streams has remained as a critical unknown for models of bedrock incision and karst conduit formation. Here we use U.S. Geological Survey data to estimate calcite dissolution rates from 77 different streams located in a wide range of settings. The calculated rates are commonly on the order of ∼1 mmyr−1, which is 1 to 2 orders of magnitude larger than previous estimates. We also find that PCO2 is the strongest control on at‐a‐site variability, though some sites also display dilution‐controlled variability. Typically, dissolution rates vary within a relatively narrow range, which has important implications for the relative importance of chemical and mechanical erosion.

show abstract

The kinetics of calcite dissolution in CO 2 -water systems at 5 degrees to 60 degrees C and 0.0 to 1.0 atm CO 2

Cited by 1,059 publications

References 0 publications

Benefits and hurdles of using brackish groundwater as a drinking water source in the Netherlands

Benefits and hurdles of using brackish groundwater as a drinking water source in the Netherlands

Investigation of porosity and permeability effects from microstructure changes during limestone dissolution

Natural variations in calcite dissolution rates in streams: Controls, implications, and open questions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About