The Kinetics of Epoxy Polymerization

Feltzin, J.; Barsh, Max K.; Peer, E. J.; Petker, Irvin

doi:10.1080/10601326908053810

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Similar phenomena were observed in the polymerization of epoxide resin in the presence of acid anhydride and tertiary amine. In this study, Feltzin et al 9 found that the rate of the polymerization was first order with respect to catalyst, but appeared to be zero order in epoxy and anhydride. Fur-thermore, they also found that the rate-controlling step wm activation of the catalyst by water.…”

Section: Ho Ar Ohmentioning

confidence: 51%

Selectivity and kinetics of epoxy resin–bisphenol a reaction catalyzed by certain guanidine derivatives

Son¹,

Weber²

1973

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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SynopsisThe reaction of bisphenol A with a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A may lead to linear polymers if a selective catalyst is used. Selective catalysts promote linear polymer formation while nonselective catalysts increase the rate of crossliking. Selectivity in epoxy resin-bisphenol A reactions depends upon the nature of the catalyst used. In order to understand these catalyst-structure relationships better, we measured the effects of catalysts on the rate of polymerization (kl) and the rate of crosslinking (kz) during epoxy resin cures. The knowledge of the ratio k&z aids in the selection of catalysts specific for the linear polymerization of epoxy resins. We related this specificity to catalyst basicity. We found that less basic catalysts tend to give large kl/kZ values, indicating that little crosslinking occurs with these highly selective catalysts. We demonstrated that the linear polymer obtained from epoxy resin polymerized by triethanolamine, a very selective catalyst, and the linear polymer prepared using 3-pchlorophenyl-l,l-dimethylureaI1 a catalyst with low selectivity, are essentially the same. Finally, we caution that quantitative comparisons of selectivity should be restricted to those reactions whose kinetic reaction orders are the same.

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Section: Ho Ar Ohmentioning

confidence: 51%

Selectivity and kinetics of epoxy resin–bisphenol a reaction catalyzed by certain guanidine derivatives

Son¹,

Weber²

1973

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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“…Values of r2 as a function of E,IRT can be obtained from Table I A similar formalism can be derived for two runs of different heating rates compared at the same temperature. In general form, (7) where n, is the apparent reaction order. All of these expressions, (6a), (6b), and (7), can be derived from (lb) by subtracting one run from another at constant a or T .…”

Section: Evolved So That the Arrhenius Equation Becomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of epoxy resin polymerization using differential scanning calorimetry

Peyser

Bascom

1977

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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SynopsisThe kinetic parameters of the polymerization of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A with hexahydrophthalic anhydride and benzyldirnethylamine as catalyst were determined using differential scanning calorimetry. The reaction was found to be first order with some variation with temperature, and the activation energy and natural log of the frequency factor were 25 kcal/mole and -25 sec-', respectively. These results are discussed with respect to a steady-state mechanism of the polymerization and compared with results reported for other epoxide-anhydride reactions.

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“…This fast protonation can have a huge impact on the network formation because the initial nucleophilic attack of the tertiary amine 1‐MEI during the polymerization is inhibited by the proton 21 . Instead, the polymerization can be initiated by the formed hydroxide or a complex formed between Acc, water and AH 30,31 . Further influence on the curing process and thereby, material properties are considered in the Chapter of Discussion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of water released from boehmite nanoparticles during curing in epoxy‐based nanocomposites

Waniek

Braun

Silbernagl

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The enhancing effect on mechanical properties of boehmite (γ‐AlOOH) nanoparticles (BNP) in epoxy‐based nanocomposites on the macroscopic scale encouraged recent research to investigate the micro‐ and nanoscopic properties. Several studies presented different aspects relatable to an alteration of the epoxy polymer network formation by the BNP with need for further experiments to identify the mode of action. With FTIR‐spectroscopic methods this study identifies interactions of the BNP with the epoxy polymer matrix during the curing process as well as in the cured nanocomposite. The data reveals that not the BNP themselves, but the water released from them strongly influences the curing process by hydrolysis of the anhydride hardener or protonation of the amine accelerator. The changes of the curing processes are discussed in detail. The changes of the curing processes enable new explanation for the changed material properties by BNP discussed in recent research like a lowered glass transition temperature region (Tg) and an interphase formation.

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The Kinetics of Epoxy Polymerization

Cited by 25 publications

References 2 publications

Selectivity and kinetics of epoxy resin–bisphenol a reaction catalyzed by certain guanidine derivatives

Selectivity and kinetics of epoxy resin–bisphenol a reaction catalyzed by certain guanidine derivatives

Kinetics of epoxy resin polymerization using differential scanning calorimetry

The impact of water released from boehmite nanoparticles during curing in epoxy‐based nanocomposites

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