The kinetics of repair of oxidative DNA damage (strand breaks and oxidised pyrimidines) in human cells

Collins, Andrew; G, A; Duthie, Susan J.

doi:10.1016/0921-8777(94)00043-6

Cited by 636 publications

(318 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This parameter can range from 0 to 400 arbitrary units. Values closer to 0 represent little DNA damage, while larger values of this factor indicate significant damage to the genetic material (Collins et al, 1995).…”

Section: Apoptosis Evaluation By Comet Assay (Single Cell Gel Electromentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological changes induced by advanced glycation endproducts in osteoblastic cells: Effects of co-incubation with alendronate

et al. 2013

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a b s t r a c tAdvanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) accumulate with age in various tissues, and are further increased in patients with Diabetes mellitus, in which they are believed to contribute to the development and progression of chronic complications that include a decrease in bone quality. Bisphosphonates are antiosteoporotic drugs that have been used for the treatment of patients with diabetic bone alterations, although with contradictory results. In the present study, we have evaluated the in vitro alterations on osteoblastic morphology by environmental scanning electron microscopy, in actin cytoskeleton and apoptosis induced by AGEs, as well as the modulation of these effects by alendronate (an N-containing bisphosphonate). Our present results provide evidence for disruption induced by AGEs of the osteoblastic actin cytoskeleton (geodesic domes) and significant alterations in cell morphology with a decrease in cellsubstratum interactions leading to an increase in apoptosis of osteoblasts and a decrease in osteoblastic proliferation. High concentrations of alendronate (10 −5 M, such as could be expected in an osteoclastic lacuna) further increase osteoblastic morphological and cytoskeletal alterations. However, low doses of alendronate (10 −8 M, compatible with extracellular fluid levels to which an osteoblast could be exposed for most of its life cycle) do not affect cell morphology, and in addition are able to prevent AGEs-induced alterations and consequently apoptosis of osteoblasts.

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Section: Apoptosis Evaluation By Comet Assay (Single Cell Gel Electromentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological changes induced by advanced glycation endproducts in osteoblastic cells: Effects of co-incubation with alendronate

et al. 2013

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“…DNA-specific fluorescent dye is used to stain the samples. The gel is then analysed for the amount of fluorescence in the head and tail and the tail length [62][63][64]. Comet assay was used to assess the toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles at 25 mg Zn/L on D. tertiolecta which resulted in 55% nuclei damage [65].…”

Section: Apoptosis Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and in vivo toxicity assessment of nanoparticles

2017

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Nanotechnology has revolutionized gene therapy, diagnostics and environmental remediation. Their bulk production, uses and disposal have posed threat to the environment. With the appearance of these nanoparticles in the environment, their toxicity assessment is an immediate concern. This review is an attempt to summarize the major techniques used in cytotoxity determination. The review also presents a detailed and elaborative discussion on the toxicity imposed by different types of nanoparticles including carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, quantum dots, fullerenes, aluminium nanoparticles, zinc nanoparticles, iron nanoparticles, titanium nanoparticles and silica nanoparticles. It discusses the in vitro and in vivo toxological effects of nanoparticles on bacteria, microalgae, zebrafish, crustacean, fish, rat, mouse, pig, guinea pig, human cell lines and human. It also discusses toxological effects on organs such as liver, kidney, spleen, sperm, neural tissues, liver lysosomes, spleen macrophages, glioblastoma cells, hematoma cells and various mammalian cell lines. It provides information about the effects of nanoparticles on the gene-expression, growth and reproduction of the organisms.

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“…This method, which was developed from that of Singh et al [5], is both sensitive and well suited for the detection of UVA-induced DNA damage. The DNA damage was quanti®ed using a visual analogue scoring system (based on that of Collins et al [6]) to analyse 60 comets in each sample. Figure 1 illustrates that cultured human ®broblasts experienced signi®cantly more DNA single strand breaks, following a xenon arc lamp dose of 750 or 1000 mJ cm x2 , when the cells had been previously incubated with a concentration of paracetamol similar to that obtained during therapeutic use (20 mg l x1 for 1 h) [7].…”

Section: Paracetamol Can Exacerbate Irradiation-induced Dna Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Paracetamol can exacerbate irradiation‐induced DNA damage

2002

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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The in¯uence of body weight on the pharmacokinetics of me¯oquine Antimalarial drugs are usually given on a mg kg x1 basis. We have reported previously the population pharmacokinetics of me¯oquine derived from data of patients treated for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria as part of trials conducted between 1990 and 1995 [1]. The patients were from the Karen ethnic minority who lived in camps for displaced persons situated along the western border of Thailand. For the studies conducted after 1994 the number of precise me¯oquine tablets given was recorded. The patients received one of two me¯oquine (Lariam, 250 mg base tablets, Roche Pharmaceuticals) dosing regimens in combination with artesunate (12 mg kg x1 over 3 days): 25 mg kg x1 (single dose) or 25 mg kg x1 (split dose: 15 mg kg x1 on day 0 followed by 10 mg kg x1 24 h later). Using the actual dose (mg) in the population pharmacokinetic model as opposed to the weight adjusted dose (mg kg x1 ), the relationship between the derived pharmacokinetic parameters and body weight was investigated.A one-compartment model with ®rst-order absorption and ®rst-order elimination was found to describe the data adequately [1]. As very few me¯oquine concentrations were recorded during the absorption phase, the absorption rate constant was set to a constant value of 7.0/day derived from a pharmacokinetic study [2] of patients with malaria from the same population. The fundamental pharmacokinetic parameters used to characterize the onecompartment model were apparent clearance (CL/F ) and apparent volume of distribution (V/F ). The nonlinear

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The kinetics of repair of oxidative DNA damage (strand breaks and oxidised pyrimidines) in human cells

Cited by 636 publications

References 17 publications

Morphological changes induced by advanced glycation endproducts in osteoblastic cells: Effects of co-incubation with alendronate

Morphological changes induced by advanced glycation endproducts in osteoblastic cells: Effects of co-incubation with alendronate

In vitro and in vivo toxicity assessment of nanoparticles

Paracetamol can exacerbate irradiation‐induced DNA damage

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