Rotator cuff (RC) injuries have been classified as intrinsic when that tendon injury results from direct tendon overload, intrinsic degeneration, or other insult. RC injury mechanisms are
Case Report AbstractEvidence for work-related exposure as a cause of shoulder tendinopathy is updated. Previous studies indicated that forceful movements combined with hands above head increases the likelihood of shoulder disorders. Hands above the shoulder and arm flexion or abduction at greater than 60° combined with forceful or repetitious motions results in significantly increased occurrence of shoulder tendinopathy. Shoulder disease is multifactorial with genetics, age, and bodyweight correlated with increased occurrence though they are minor factors for young workers. Normal aging of the rotator cuff may underlie much of shoulder disease for individuals older than 60 thereby presenting a complication for the determination of work-related rotator cuff tears in this group. In contrast, there is sufficient evidence to support work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the shoulder in younger individuals who have not undergone the aging processes. Numerous reviews along with individual cross sectional and longitudinal studies conclude that shoulder tendinopathy can result from work-related exposures based on the odds and relative risks of occurrence in a working population compared to a group that has not been similarly exposed to comparable manual effort.