The Landscape of Global Ocean Microbiome: From Bacterioplankton to Biofilms

Abstract

The development of metagenomics has opened up a new era in the study of marine microbiota, which play important roles in biogeochemical cycles. In recent years, the global ocean sampling expeditions have spurred this research field toward a deeper understanding of the microbial diversities and functions spanning various lifestyles, planktonic (free-living) or sessile (biofilm-associated). In this review, we deliver a comprehensive summary of marine microbiome datasets generated in global ocean expeditions conducted over the last 20 years, including the Sorcerer II GOS Expedition, the Tara Oceans project, the bioGEOTRACES project, the Micro B3 project, the Bio-GO-SHIP project, and the Marine Biofilms. These datasets have revealed unprecedented insights into the microscopic life in our oceans and led to the publication of world-leading research. We also note the progress of metatranscriptomics and metaproteomics, which are confined to local marine microbiota. Furthermore, approaches to transforming the global ocean microbiome datasets are highlighted, and the state-of-the-art techniques that can be combined with data analyses, which can present fresh perspectives on marine molecular ecology and microbiology, are proposed.

Re-Evaluation of the Cross-Reactions of the Antibody against the Causative Agent for Paracoccidioidomycosis Ceti; Paracoccidioides ceti and the Related Fungal Species

“…It was certain that the sera derived from a wild dolphin used as a positive control against C. posadasii fungal cells [8] exhibited a definite reaction since the habitat of the dolphin had a lower incidence of fungal pathogens in the seawater [16]. The independent positivity against C. posadasii without any cross-reaction against H. capsulatum and A. kalrae observed in the present study was a natural occurrence.…”

Copiotrophy in a Marine-Biofilm-Derived Roseobacteraceae Bacterium Can Be Supported by Amino Acid Metabolism and Thiosulfate Oxidation

“…In addition to free-living lifestyles, several Roseobacteraceae lineages prefer living in biofilms [13]. In coastal marine environments, biofilms can develop on a variety of substrates, including natural stones, sedimental particles, and various man-made materials [14,15], and they often possess great microbial diversity [16,17]. In a recent study [18], we systematically explored the diversity and thiosulfate metabolism features of Roseobacteraceae strains in marine biofilms and highlighted their important roles in biogeochemical cycles.…”