The Landscape of Identity Model: An Integration of Qualitative and Quantitative Aspects of Identity Development

Gaag, Mandy van der; Ruiter, Naomi de; Kunnen, Saskia; Bosma, Harke

doi:10.1080/15283488.2020.1821154

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In the first week of each identity domain, a set of questions was provided to participants to stimulate their discussions. The questions in the learning domain were formulated based on the definition of identity exploration in the learning domain (Sugimura & Shimizu, 2011): "Have you recognized any discrepancies between learning in high school and learning in university? What kinds of abilities do you think are expected in learning at university?"…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Exploration: Identity Exploration in Real-Time Interactions among Peers

et al. 2021

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In this short-term longitudinal study, we examine specific examples of identity exploration in real-time interactions among peers. The participants included 12 first-year students majoring in literature, social sciences, and humanities at a national university in Japan (M age = 18.2; SD = 0.39; 83.3% female). They were divided into four triads that participated in weekly 20-minute discussions for nine successive weeks around three identity domains: learning, romantic relationships, and career. Transcripts were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. Seven characteristics of exploration were identified in real-time interactions: support, open disclosure, meta-exploration, investigating, creating an idea, conflict, and demotivating. In addition, these characteristics generated three major overarching patterns that advanced exploration: creating a safe environment for exploration, clarification and elaboration of the idea embedded in support essential for promoting exploration, and a combination of finding a keyword and repeating it on the border between exploration and discovering an aspect of identity. Overall, our results reveal that exploration in real-time interactions among peers did not involve a fixed sequence of characteristics; rather, it was vitalized by mutual affirmation, going back and forth among different characteristics of exploration while taking small steps. KEYWORDSIdentity development; young adulthood; real-time interactions; peers; grounded theory approach In this article, we address how identity exploration (hereafter, exploration) manifests itself in the real-time interactions among youth. Exploration refers to an individual's active engagement in searching for and investigating meaningful alternatives in important life areas (Marcia, 1966). Previous longitudinal studies have examined exploration using two different time scales: long-term exploration assessed on a yearly or monthly basis (e.g., Meeus et al., 2012) and short-term exploration assessed on a weekly or daily basis (e.g., Klimstra et al., 2010). Short-term exploration is extremely important in understanding the process of identity formation (Bosma & Kunnen, 2001). However, less is known about how exploration herein is expressed in individuals' ongoing actions that last minutes or seconds, namely exploration in real-time.A focus on exploration in real-time allows one to capture mechanisms of identity formation, because it consists of concrete actions unfolding in real-time that result in long-term developmental outcomes (Granic, 2005;Lichtwarck-Aschoff et al., 2008). Moreover, although exploration occurs in relational contexts, particularly peer relationships (e.g., Sugimura & Shimizu, 2010), studies on exploration in realtime interactions are still scarce. Therefore, in this study, we examine specific examples of exploration in real-time interactions among peers and identify these characteristics using qualitative data from young adults. In doing so, we provide a detailed portrayal of the Erikson's (1968) tenet that identity pri...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Exploration: Identity Exploration in Real-Time Interactions among Peers

et al. 2021

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“…Complex systems can manifest in various domains such as nature, society, and technology, characterised by self-organisation, adaptation, emergence, and nonlinear dynamics (Mitchell and Newman, 2002;Goldstein, 2011;Ladyman, Lambert and Wiesner, 2013;Ladyman and Wiesner, 2020). 3 In cognitive science, CST is employed in the study of cognition in general (Thelen and Smith, 1994), and specifically language development ( Van Geert, 2008; " Van Geert and Verspoor, 2015;Hiver and Al-Hoorie, 2019); cognitive development ( Van Geert, 2011;Serra and Zanarini, 2013); meaning making in identity development (Kunnen & Bosma, 2000;Van der Gaag, et al, 2020;Branje et al, 2021); self-esteem (de Ruiter et al, 2018); adolescent development (Lichtwarck-Aschoff and van Geert, 2004); dyadic play (Hesp Hesp, Steenbeek and van Geert, 2019); risk behaviours in adolescence (Schuhmacher, Ballato & Van Geert, 2014); scaffolding in educational processes (Steenbeek and van Geert, 2020;Menninga et al, 2021); learning-teaching trajectories (Steenbeek and van Geert, 2013).…”

Section: Complexity Principles In Psychologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mind as “E”nteraction: Towards the Complexity Hypothesis

Hipólito¹,

Geert²,

Pessoa³

2023

Preprint

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This paper argues for a shift in focus in psychology towards dynamic processes. It first draws on Embodied and Enactive Cognitive Science to theoretically develop psychological phenomena as emergent from interactions between embodied experience and sociocultural context. The paper, then, employs Complex Systems Theory to explain the intricacies of psychological processes and shows how they influence neural dynamics. The proposed approach emphasises the interactional processes underlying psychological phenomena and bridges the gap between different levels of abstraction in cognitive science.

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“…Change, here, therefore refers to the change in the repertoire itself (Witherington, 2019). For example, an individual may develop a new commitment, such as "leader," as they take on new tasks in their professional life -a commitment that is new to this individual (see Van Der Gaag et al, 2020), for further description of this macro-level process of commitment development).…”

Section: From Quantitative To Qualitative Distinctions Between Timescalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The constraint mechanism can also be found in classic notions of identity structures as constraining how we conduct and construct ourselves in the here-and-now (for example, Berzonsky, 1992). Similarly, deeply entrenched identity commitments can be conceptualized as making some self-reflective thoughts more probable than other self-reflective thoughts (Van Der Gaag et al, 2020).…”

Section: From Quantitative To Qualitative Distinctions Between Timescalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Is Real about “Real Time” Anyway? A Proposal for A Pluralistic Approach to Studying Identity Processes across Different Timescales

Ruiter

Gmelin

2021

Identity

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Recently, there has been a growing emphasis on the fact that an understanding of identity development requires the study of real-time identity. But what exactly constitutes 'real-time identity'? In this manuscript, we highlight that definitions of real time are often fuzzy, which poses a threat to this research field. We discuss two conceptual issues of research on 'real-time identity' that we believe require further clarification. The first is that 'real-time identity' is often conflated with 'micro-level identity'. The second is that 'micro-level identity' is pitted against 'macro-level identity'. We attempt to bring clarification to the above issues by drawing attention to three conceptual points: Firstly, we stress that 'real-time' simply refers to "the actual time during which something takes place". Secondly, researchers can study static characteristics of identity phenomena in real time or they can study dynamics of change and development in real time. Thirdly, we draw attention to the fact that the terms 'micro-level' and 'macro-level' represent two ends of a time-scale continuum. We describe these points in depth and summarize our clarifications as a taxonomy for authors interested in studying 'real-time identity', which promises to support theoretical and empirical integration between different approaches to identity. KEYWORDSIdentity development; timescales; processes; ontology; epistemology Recently, there has been growing emphasis (as evidenced by this special issue) on the fact that an understanding of identity requires the study of identity processes and mechanisms. Notably, some identity researchers (stemming from both qualitative and quantitative approaches) argue that studying concrete actions and experiences is key for elucidating such processes and mechanisms. This is because they are thought to relate to a more fine-grained and ecologically valid understanding of identity Korobov, 2015). This approach -sometimes conceptualized as tapping into "real-time identity processes" -concerns the study of identity-in-context, mechanisms of development, and within-person processes of identity (Bosma & Kunnen, 2001;Lichtwarck-Aschoff et al., 2008). With its focus on experiences and actions, this is a pioneering and innovative shift in identity research , one which contrasts the more traditional research line of large-scale, group-based, and variable-oriented identity research focusing on identity in terms of selfreflection and cognition.While the empirical research on "real-time identity processes" is blooming, we believe that a deeper conceptual analysis can strengthen this field yet further. Conceptual analysis entails the examination of concepts, terms, and constructs for clarity, and incoherencies, and for unjustified claims or implausible assumptions (Hibberd, 2021;Du Preez & De Klerk, 2019). Du Preez and De Klerk (2019) argued that while psychologists often assume that conceptual analysis is an

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The Landscape of Identity Model: An Integration of Qualitative and Quantitative Aspects of Identity Development

Cited by 12 publications

References 46 publications

Exploring Exploration: Identity Exploration in Real-Time Interactions among Peers

Exploring Exploration: Identity Exploration in Real-Time Interactions among Peers

Mind as “E”nteraction: Towards the Complexity Hypothesis

What Is Real about “Real Time” Anyway? A Proposal for A Pluralistic Approach to Studying Identity Processes across Different Timescales

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