The language education and the language component as an element of countering hybrid threats in Ukraine

Abstract

This article examines the role of language education and the language component as an element in countering hybrid threats in Ukraine. Language is explored as a symbol of national identity and a unifying force among Ukrainians in the face of external threats. The literature review investigates language shift and transition from Russian to Ukrainian, particularly among Russian-speaking Ukrainians, as an act of resistance and assertion of Ukrainian identity. Survey data revealed that 90.5% of respondents consider the Ukrainian language important, and 88.5% believe it is necessary to exclusively communicate in Ukrainian within Ukraine. Notably, 41% of Russian-speaking Ukrainians have already transitioned fully or partially to Ukrainian since the invasion. The study also found a decrease in the proportion of Ukrainian residents speaking only Russian at home, from 37% to 13% between 2012 and 2022. Additionally, prior to the invasion, approximately half of Ukrainians frequently watched Russian films or listened to Russian music. Findings emphasize the importance of language education and promotion in countering hybrid threats and preserving linguistic diversity in Ukraine. This research contributes to the understanding of the language component in Ukraine's response to hybrid threats and provides insights for policymakers and educators in fostering language resilience and national identity. This research sheds light on the evolving language dynamics and underscores the importance of the language component in countering hybrid threats in Ukraine. It provides valuable insights into the language attitudes and behaviors of the Ukrainian population and highlights the role of language education and promotion in preserving national identity and resilience in the face of hybrid warfare.

Ukrainian and Russian in the lexicon of Ukrainian Suržyk: reduced variation and stabilisation in central Ukraine and on the Black Sea coast

“…This (and perhaps the Russian aggression starting in 2014) may have been a stimulation for some individuals and families to shift from Russian to Ukrainian as the main code of communication or at least to increase their use of Ukrainian (cf. Verbytska et al, 2023 ). However, there were no other major changes in the daily surroundings of Ukrainian citizens.…”