This review summarizes the development of the rich crystal and bonding chemistry of facecapped and edge-bridged inorganic niobium and tantalum octahedral cluster halide compounds, with a particular emphasis on those showing three-dimensional cluster frameworks. Discussion is made on varied structures and bonding which are intimately linked to the valence electron concentration, i.e., the number of electrons that held the octahedral metal cluster architecture. Exploration of the literature indicates that apart from Nb6I11 and derivatives, which show electron-deficient face-capped M6X i 8X a 6 units, compounds containing edge-bridged M6X i 12X a 6 motifs are the most largely encountered. Closed-shell compounds with a valence electron concentration of 16 are predominant, although a few 15-electron open-shell magnetic compounds or even 14-electron closed-shell species have also been reported. Particularly interesting from a structural point of view is the fashion in which these facecapped and edge-bridged clusters "pack" in crystals. The astonishing diversity of structural types, which are observed, is mainly due to the flexibility of the halogen ligands to coordinate in various manners to metal atoms. However, a rigorous structural analysis of these compounds reveals no close relationship between the valence electron concentration and the variability of the intercluster connections and/or the nature of the counter-ions. Indeed, the main bonding features of these compounds can be understood from the delocalized bonding picture of isolated 'molecular-like' M6X i 8X a 6 or M6X i 12X a 6 clusters. Keywords Crystal structure Electronic effect Electronic structure Halide Inorganic compound Interatomic distance Intercluster distance Ligand Matrix effect Metal-metal bond Niobium Octahedral cluster Structure type Tantalum Three-dimensional framework Valence electron concentration Contents 5 Cluster Frameworks of Structural Formula [M6X i 12X a-a 6/2] 5.1 Cluster Compounds with Linear M-X a-aM Bridges 5.2 Cluster Compounds with Bent M-X a-aM Bridges in Cubic Structure 5.3 Cluster Compounds with Bent M-X a-aM Bridges in Trigonal Structure 5.4 Cluster Compounds with Both Linear and Bent M-X a-aM Bridges 6 Interatomic Distances in Inorganic Nb6 and Ta6 Cluster Halide Compounds with Threedimensional Frameworks 6.1 Cluster Units Based on Face-capped M6X i 8X a 6 Building Blocks 6.2 Cluster Units Based on Edge-bridged M6X i 12X a 6 Building Blocks 7 Structural Relationships Between Crystal Structures Based on Hexagonal, Cubic and Trigonal Symmetry 8 Electronic Structure of Niobium and Tantalum Octahedral Cluster Halide Compounds 8.1 Variable VEC of Nb6I11 and Derivatives 8.2 Electronic Structure of Edge-bridged M6X i 12X a 6 Clusters 9 Summary References