The late Triassic development of playa, gilgai floodplain, and fluvial environments from Upper Silesia, southern Poland

Jewuła, Karol; Matysik, Michał; Paszkowski, Mariusz; Szulc, Joachim

doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2018.11.005

Cited by 23 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The palaeo‐vertisols in the lower MMG reveal complex stacking with cumulate and truncated profiles that are similar to, although not as complex as, some recorded from the Siluro‐Devonian dryland Old Red Sandstone (Marriott & Wright, ). This may be coincidental but the approach applied here, of deciphering how each assemblage of soil horizons formed, does not seem to be either widely applied, or have wider applicability (Trendell et al ., ; Joeckel et al ., ; Jewuła et al ., ). The complex stratigraphies and chemistries of these Triassic palaeo‐vertisols are such that this study has not attempted to use any geochemical proxies.…”

Section: Discussion: Dryland Mudstone Facies Developmentmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Recently, Jewuła et al . () noted a shift from inland playas with gypsum in the Carnian of southern Poland, to the mid‐Carnian Pluvial Episode, followed in the early Norian by a more semi‐arid climate with vertisols. This differs from the succession in south‐west Britain, with vertisols also described from the late Norian of the North Sea (Muller et al ., ), and serves to indicate possible climatic variations within the north‐western European province during the late Triassic.…”

Section: Discussion: Dryland Mudstone Facies Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dryland continental mudstones: Deciphering environmental changes in problematic mudstones from the Upper Triassic (Carnian to Norian) Mercia Mudstone Group, south‐west Britain

Milroy¹,

Wright

Simms

2019

Sedimentology

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The sedimentology, petrography and mineralogy of the seemingly monotonous Late Triassic Mercia Mudstone Group across the Severn Basin and Bristol Channel region reveals a bipartite division of mudrock facies above and below the Arden Sandstone Formation. Frequently cryptic sedimentary and pedogenic features reveal diverse alluvial, aeolian, playa-lacustrine and pedogenic processes operating at different times, locations and scales probably in response to climate change. The current study found no evidence of significant marine influence in either of the two mudrock facies associations that are described here. Blocky claystones dominate the lower Mercia Mudstone Group (Sidmouth Mudstone Formation), with pedogenic features such as slickensides, mottling, tubules and carbonate/sulphate nodules common and widespread. The claystones are of alluvial/lacustrine origin with subordinate sheet sandstones, themselves overprinted by pedogenic features, reflecting occasional high intensity rainfall events. These facies reflect a seasonal (wet/dry) semi-arid climate favouring development of transformed/neoformed (smectiterich) clay minerals of intrabasinal origin. Massive to weakly stratified silty mudstones dominate the upper Mercia Mudstone Group (Branscombe Mudstone Formation). Commonly conchoidally weathered, locally gypsiferous, but with distinct sedimentary structures scarce, they alternate with subordinate blue-grey laminated silty mudstones. Together they reflect fluctuating hydrological conditions within extensive saline mudflats and ephemeral playa lakes, with laminated facies deposited under subaqueous conditions during more humid phases whereas massive mudstones reflect modification through interstitial growth/dissolution of sulphates and deflation of surface sediments during drier episodes. These facies reflect increased aridity during deposition of the upper Mercia Mudstone Group compared with the lower Mercia Mudstone Group, favouring development of detrital/transformed (illite-chlorite) clay minerals of extrabasinal origin. The described facies associations and the sedimentary fabrics and structures that characterize them, occur widely in the Mercia Mudstone Group across the United Kingdom and comparable facies associations may be anticipated in other fine-grained red bed successions. Recognition of these facies may aid palaeoenvironmental interpretation of such sequences on Earth and, potentially, on Mars also.

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Section: Discussion: Dryland Mudstone Facies Developmentmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussion: Dryland Mudstone Facies Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dryland continental mudstones: Deciphering environmental changes in problematic mudstones from the Upper Triassic (Carnian to Norian) Mercia Mudstone Group, south‐west Britain

Milroy¹,

Wright

Simms

2019

Sedimentology

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“…The material examined comes from an abandoned claypit near the village of Krasiejów in the Opole voivodship (Upper Silesia, southwest Poland). Geologically, this region is located along the south-easterly edge of the Fore-Sudetic Homocline and sedimentary strata at Krasiejów are of Late Triassic-Norian age, based on stratigraphical data (Racki & Szulc, 2014;Szulc, Racki & Jewuła, 2015a;Szulc et al, 2015b;Szulc, Racki & Bodzioch, 2017;Jewuła et al, 2019) or Carnian age, according to biochronological studies (Dzik & Sulej, 2007Lucas, Spielmann & Hunt, 2007;Lucas, 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mandible histology in Metoposaurus krasiejowensis (Temnospondyli, Stereospondyli) from the Upper Triassic of Poland

Gruntmejer

Bodzioch

Konietzko-Meier

2021

PeerJ

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Recent studies that have systematically augmented our knowledge of dermal bones of the Late Triassic temnospondyl amphibian Metoposaurus krasiejowensis have mostly focused on shoulder girdle elements and the skull. So far, histological data on the mandible are still scant. For the present study, two mandibles have been examined, using 50 standard thin sections. Dermal bones of the mandible reveal a uniform diploë structure, with the external cortex consisting of moderately vascularised, parallel-fibred bone, as well as a distinct alternation of thick zones and thinner annuli. Dense bundles of well-mineralised Sharpey’s fibres are seen in the external cortex over the entire length of the mandible. The trabecular middle region is highly porous and well vascularised, showing small primary vascular canals and more numerous secondary osteons; irregular erosion spaces occur in large numbers as well. The thin and poorly vascular internal cortex consists of parallel-fibred bone. The articular is not a dermal bone in origin, having been formed of a thin layer of avascular cortex and a very extensive, trabecular middle region. In contrast to the dermal bones of the mandible, the articular developed from a cartilaginous precursor, as evidenced by numerous remains of calcified cartilage in the central parts of the bone. Histological variability is extremely high along the mandible, its anterior part being characterised by high compactness and biomechanically good resistance in contrast to the highly porous posterior parts. Distinct variations of bone thickness and degree of bone porosity in specific areas of the mandible, may be due to local differences in biomechanics during feeding. The microstructure of the mandible corroborates a previous study of the active and ambush predation strategy in metoposaurids.

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“…The cranial material used in the present study was collected at Krasiejów (southwest Poland) from an Upper Triassic (lower Norian) bone bed (Jewuła, Matysik, Paszkowski, & Szulc, ; Racki & Szulc, ; Szulc, Racki, & Bodzioch, ; Szulc, Racki, & Jewuła, ; Szulc, Racki, Jewuła, & Środoń, ). Three skulls of the temnospondyl Metoposaurus krasiejowensis were investigated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cranial suture biomechanics in Metoposaurus krasiejowensis (Temnospondyli, Stereospondyli) from the upper Triassic of Poland

Gruntmejer

Konietzko-Meier

Marcé‐Nogué

et al. 2019

Journal of Morphology

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Cranial sutures connect adjacent bones of the skull and play an important role in the absorption of stresses that may occur during different activities. The Late Triassic temnospondyl amphibian Metoposaurus krasiejowensis has been extensively studied over the years in terms of skull biomechanics, but without a detailed description of the function of cranial sutures. In the present study, 34 thin sections of cranial sutures were examined in order to determine their histovariability and interpret their biomechanical role in the skull. The histological model was compared with threedimensional-finite element analysis (FEA) simulations of the skull under bilateral and lateral biting as well as skull-raising loads for maximum and minimum principal stress. Histologically, only two sutural morphologies were recognised in the skull of Metoposaurus: interdigitated sutures (commonly associated with compressive stresses) are dominant along the entire length of the skull roof and palate; tongueand-groove sutures (commonly associated with tensile stresses) are present across the maxilla. FEA shows a much more complex picture of stress type and distribution than predicted by sutures. Common to both methods is a predominance of compressive stresses which act on the skull during biting. The methods predict different stress regimes during biting in the posterior part of the skull: where histological analysis suggests compression, FEA predicts tension. For lateral biting and skull raising, histological and digital reconstructions show similar general patterns but with some variations. K E Y W O R D S dermal bones, finite element analysis, histology, palaeoecology

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The late Triassic development of playa, gilgai floodplain, and fluvial environments from Upper Silesia, southern Poland

Cited by 23 publications

References 61 publications

Dryland continental mudstones: Deciphering environmental changes in problematic mudstones from the Upper Triassic (Carnian to Norian) Mercia Mudstone Group, south‐west Britain

Dryland continental mudstones: Deciphering environmental changes in problematic mudstones from the Upper Triassic (Carnian to Norian) Mercia Mudstone Group, south‐west Britain

Mandible histology in Metoposaurus krasiejowensis (Temnospondyli, Stereospondyli) from the Upper Triassic of Poland

Cranial suture biomechanics in Metoposaurus krasiejowensis (Temnospondyli, Stereospondyli) from the upper Triassic of Poland

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