The Lateral Approach in Lumbar Total Disc Replacement: A Literature Review

Abstract

Lumbar disc replacement has become an area of interest for many practicing spine surgeons. As newer technology emerges focusing on motion sparing devices, novel techniques are being employed to better serve patients and increase post-operative outcomes. Traditionally, the anterior approach is utilized in total disc arthroplasty of the lumbar spine, although many are beginning to favor the use of a lateral approach. The lateral approach not only allows for the maintenance of the Anterior Longitudinal Ligament (ALL), but also avoids the great vessels during surgery which are encountered in the traditional anterior approach. Research has shown the lateral approach in total disc replacements (TDR) of the lumbar spine to be a not inferior alternative to the anterior approach, with long-term pain relief and a low complication rate.