The lateralization of fear behaviour in the male domestic chick: A developmental study

Andrew, R.J.; Brennan, Anne F.

doi:10.1016/s0003-3472(83)80023-2

Cited by 60 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This study contributes to a better knowledge of the ontogeny of behavioral reactions in a precocial mammalian species. The progressive appearance of approach or avoidance reactions with age in horses is in line with reports of the development of behavior patterns in altricial mammals, for example, freezing in rats (Hansen & Hard, 1980), exploratory behavior in silver foxes (Belyaev et al, 1984(Belyaev et al, , 1985, and avoidance reactions to unknown stimuli in domestic chicks (Andrew & Brennan, 1983;Bateson, 1964;Salzen, 1979).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…In the domestic chick, fear responses, especially avoidance reactions toward a novel object (Andrew & Brennan, 1983;Bateson, 1964;Salzen, 1979) and avoidance of humans (Jones, 1995), increase in intensity from very low levels at 1 day of age to high levels at 9 or 10 days of age. In altricial mammals such as rats, the freezing reaction (from which fearfulness can be inferred) appears progressively within the first 20 days of life (Hansen & Hard, 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperament in preweanling horses: Development of reactions to humans and novelty, and startle responses

Lansade

Bouissou

Boivin³

2007

Developmental Psychobiology

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the development and the stability across situations and over time of three temperament traits in young foals: propensity to react to humans, propensity to react to novelty, and propensity to react to suddenness. In a comparative study, we examined the reactions of animals in three independent groups (N = 27) tested at 3, 12, and 24 weeks of age, respectively. We observed that human avoidance and novel object approach behaviors are quasi inexistent in the group tested at 3 weeks, but are more and more present in the groups tested at subsequent ages. In a longitudinal study, we tested 48 foals successively at 3, 6, 12, and 24 weeks of age. Since reactions appear progressively with time, no stability over time or across situations was found. However, once a foal manifests a behavioral reaction at a given age, it will always reproduce this reaction subsequently.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperament in preweanling horses: Development of reactions to humans and novelty, and startle responses

Lansade

Bouissou

Boivin³

2007

Developmental Psychobiology

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“…Since presentation of the model to the fish was not followed by attacks and injuries, the fish may have categorised subsequent presentations of the stimulus as innocuous (but still to be avoided), with a shift towards control by the left-sided regions of the brain. A similar phenomenon has been shown to occur in the domesticated chick (Andrew and Brennan, 1983). Jones (1997) notes that fear responses of animals may be altered and integrated according to changes in the perceived potency of the threatening stimulus, and consequently, the intensity of the internal fear state.…”

Section: Fear and Anxietymentioning

confidence: 63%

Can fish suffer?: perspectives on sentience, pain, fear and stress

Chandroo

Duncan

Moccia

2004

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

340

165

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In contrast to other major forms of livestock agriculture, there is a paucity of scientific information on the welfare of fish raised under intensive aquacultural conditions. This reflects an adherence to the belief that these animals have not evolved the salient biological characteristics that are hypothesised to permit sentience. In this review, we evaluate the scientific evidence for the existence of sentience in fish, and in particular, their ability to experience pain, fear and psychological stress. Teleost fish are considered to have marked differences in some aspects of brain structure and organization as compared to tetrapods, yet they simultaneously demonstrate functional similarities and a level of cognitive development suggestive of sentience. Anatomical, pharmacological and behavioural data suggest that affective states of pain, fear and stress are likely to be experienced by fish in similar ways as in tetrapods. This implies that fish have the capacity to suffer, and that welfare consideration for farmed fish should take these states into account. We suggest that the concept of animal welfare can be applied legitimately to fish. It is therefore appropriate to recognize and study the welfare of farmed fish.

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“…Heiblum et al (1998) documented locomotor activity in OFT of chickens to increase between days 3 and 5 of age with vocalization and attempts to escape. Andrew and Brennan (1983) found that in male domestic chicks an early peak in fear reactions occurs on day 5 and then on days 8 to 10.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The chickens recognise members of their own flock, gradually become familiar with the environment and learn to perceive threats (Graves 1973). If they experience uncertainty or move away too far from the mother and the flock, they emit loud distress calls of high frequency (Andrew and Brennan 1983). The broilers in our study used visual orientation as follows: on day 3, the males were visually orienting significantly longer than the females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broiler Response to Open Field Test in Early Ontogeny

Balážová

Baranyiová

2010

Acta Vet. Brno

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The aim of this study was to observe the development of exploratory behaviour in growing broilers, i.e. their reaction to a novel environment (habituation) during the post-incubation period. Twelve males and twelve females of ROSS 308 line were kept from hatching until 42 days of age in separate pens, under identical husbandry conditions. To study their behaviour, we used the open-field test (OFT). Individual 10-min tests were initiated at the age of 3 days, and were repeated at weekly intervals, i.e. a total of 6 tests were carried out. The results were evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures and Tukey post-hoc test. Broilers of both sexes were most active during the first OFT on day 3 after hatching. In male broilers, we found a significant decrease in all exploratory activities between the first and 2 nd OFT; duration of their horizontal locomotor activity was reduced from 104 ± 51.86 s to 3.50 ± 3.50 s (p < 0.05), duration of visual orientation decreased from 327.50 ± 55.94 s to 125.00 ± 31.94 s (p < 0.001), and duration of vocalizations decreased from 412.50 ± 63.12 s to 90.00 ± 34.25 s (p < 0.001). In females, a significant decrease was observed betwen the first and 2 nd OFT only in duration of horizontal locomotor activity that decreased from 234.25 ± 52.07 s to 14.25 ± 8.36 s (p < 0.001) and between the first and 3 rd OFT in duration of vocalization (decreasing from 430.00 ± 66.30 s in 1 st OFT to 60.00 ± 23.35 s; p < 0.001). On the other hand, a significant increase in duration of comfort behaviour was noted between the first and second OFT in both sexes (in males from 95.00 ± 40.76 s to 462.50 ± 38.81 s; p < 0.001; in females from 85.00 ± 31.73 s to 437.50 ± 67.74 s; p < 0.001). Changes in defecation numbers were not significant in either sex. Our findings show that the most profound changes in behaviour of broiler chickens occurred between the first and second OFT, that male broilers used visual orientation in the open field arena more than females in the first test, they vocalized less in the second test, and they seem to have habituated to the novel environment earlier than females.

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The lateralization of fear behaviour in the male domestic chick: A developmental study

Cited by 60 publications

References 35 publications

Temperament in preweanling horses: Development of reactions to humans and novelty, and startle responses

Temperament in preweanling horses: Development of reactions to humans and novelty, and startle responses

Can fish suffer?: perspectives on sentience, pain, fear and stress

Broiler Response to Open Field Test in Early Ontogeny

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