The Latest Innovations in Wheat Flour Milling: A Review

Abstract

The milling process has evolved over time, employing various techniques to produce flour with different particle sizes and applications. This paper discusses the advancements in the wheat flour milling process and examines their impact on flour quality. The concept of wheat milling value is also introduced, which refers to the ability of wheat to produce flour with desirable properties and high yield. The importance of wheat cleaning in the milling process is highlighted, along with technological advancements such as color sorting machines and debranning of wheat grains before grinding, which facilitate efficient cleaning and increase flour yield. The progress of wheat conditioning in preparing wheat for milling is also discussed, along with current trends in grinding the wheat kernel. These advancements collectively contribute to enhancing flour quality, production efficiency, and overall milling performance.

The Quality of Winter Wheat Grain by Different Sowing Strategies and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates: A Case Study in Northeastern Poland

“…Milling quality is defined as the processing suitability of grain for the milling industry by determining the properties of kernels responsible for high milling yields [16][17][18]. The milling quality of grain can be evaluated directly in laboratory milling tests [19], and it can be assessed indirectly by analyzing the physical properties of grain (hardness, vitreousness, bulk density, 1000-kernel weight, and uniformity) [14,20]. Kernels with hard (vitreous) and soft (floury) endosperm can be identified in grain hardness tests [21][22][23].…”

“…In the milling and baking industry, the milling quality of wheat grain has to be monitored and controlled to support the production of high-quality flour and cereal products. The milling quality of grain is also an important consideration for farmers and agricultural producers, as it may affect grain purchase prices [10,19].…”

Effect of moisture content and pulley shaft speed on grinding characteristics of wheat (Triticum aestivum)

“…Cereals such as wheat, rice, oats and barley are utilized as staple foods globally (Das et al, 2011;Sheweta et al, 2014) [6,30] . Among these cereals, wheat is a crucial cereal crop that holds immense significance in terms of food globally with the largest producers being China, India, and the United States (Tian et al, 2022;Dziki, 2023) [31,9] . Wheat is grown in a variety of climates and soils and is adaptable to different growing conditions (Zubko et al, 2022;Dziki, 2023) [35,9] .…”

“…Among these cereals, wheat is a crucial cereal crop that holds immense significance in terms of food globally with the largest producers being China, India, and the United States (Tian et al, 2022;Dziki, 2023) [31,9] . Wheat is grown in a variety of climates and soils and is adaptable to different growing conditions (Zubko et al, 2022;Dziki, 2023) [35,9] . It has played a significant role in shaping human civilization and remains an integral part of our daily lives as a vital food source (Turky et al, 2023;Dziki, 2023) [32,9] .…”

An Analysis of the Spelt Dehulling Process in a Cylinder Separator

“…Discarded husks can be used for various purposes, including in the production of pillows and mattresses (Mielke and Rodemann, 2007), as a renewable energy source (Brlek et al, 2012;Jovičić et al, 2015;Wiwart et al, 2017), and in animal feed production (Kalmendal and Bessei, 2012). Husks can be also composted (Jovičić et al, 2015), used as litter (Wiwart et al, 2017;Dziki, 2023), processed into construction materials (Bucur et al, 2017), or distributed in the field to improve soil fertility (Konvalina, 2014;Moudry 2011). However, wheat husks should not be used as litter due to their high mycotoxin content, and they should be incinerated (Wiwart et al, 2017), ideally in granulated form (Wiwart et al, 2017, Brlek et al, 2012Weiß and Glasner, 2018;Bernas, 2020), to generate energy.…”