The latest progress of the 1st NBI beamline on HL–2M Tokamak

Liu, He; Cao, Jianfei; Wei, Hui-Ling; Gui-Qing, Zou; Zhang, Xian‐Ming; Yang, Xianfu

doi:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.02.109

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Its large radius R = 1.78 m, small radius a = 0.65 m, the maximum toroidal magnetic field B t can reach 3 T, and the maximum plasma current I p can reach 3 MA, auxiliary heating over 25 MW, including a NB injection system with a total power of 15 MW, an EC wave system with a power of 8 MW, and a lower hybrid wave system with a power of 4 MW. Among them, the NB injection system consists of three NB lines with a rated injection power of 5 MW; each beam line uses four sets of 80 keV ion sources; two of them are co-current tangent injection beams, the other is counter-current tangent injection beam [31]. The EC wave system is comprised of eight groups of electron gyrotrons with a rated injection power of 1 MW, and two groups of gyrotrons capable of dual-frequency adjustment to form the upper transmitter (R = 2379 mm, Z = 865 mm), the operating frequency is 105 GHz/140 GHz; and six groups of singlefrequency operation gyrotrons to form an equatorial transmitter (R = 3020 mm, Z = 60 mm), and the operating frequency is 105 GHz.…”

Section: Hybrid Scenario Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated simulation analysis of the HL-2M high-parameter hybrid scenario

et al. 2023

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On the basis of the OMFIT integrated simulation platform and the parameters of the HL-2M device, a hybrid scenario with a typical safety factor q profile is simulated using the joint injection method of neutral beam and electron cyclotron wave with a normalized toroidal beta (βN) of 2.39. At the same time, by analyzing the effect of impurity concentration (Zeff) and pedestal density (ne,ped) on confinement, a higher parameters hybrid scenario is obtained, with βN reaching 3.118. The research results indicate that the turbulent stabilization effect caused by Zeff gradually decreases from strong to weak with the increase of Zeff, whereas the radiation power loss increases linearly as Zeff increases. Consequently, there exists an optimal Zeff value for optimal confinement. In addition, it is found that the optimal Zeff value decreases with the increase of ne,ped. The research results are crucial for the HL-2M device to accomplish the 1 MA advanced scenario discharge target, and they serve as a reference for future impurity seeding experiments.

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Section: Hybrid Scenario Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated simulation analysis of the HL-2M high-parameter hybrid scenario

et al. 2023

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“…For the NBI system, the three beam lines are designed with 5 MW power per line, with the birth energy of the neutral beam being about 80 keV. The two lines are in the co-current direction, while the third one is in the counter-current direction [65].…”

Section: The Hl-2m Tokamakmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of resonant magnetic perturbations including toroidal sidebands on magnetic footprints and fast ion losses in HL-2M

et al. 2023

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Externally applied resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs), generated by magnetic coils located outside the plasma (referred to as RMP coils), provide an effective way to control the edge localized mode (ELM) in tokamak devices. Due to the discrete nature of toroidal distribution of these window-frame coils, toroidal sidebands always \bl{exist} together with the fundamental harmonic designed for ELM control. In this work, the MARS-F code (Liu\textit{ et al 2000 Phys. Plasmas} \textbf{7} 3681) is applied to investigate detailed features of the RMP spectra considering both the dominant harmonic (n=2) and the associated sideband (n=6), and the impact of the combinedfields on magnetic footprints as well as on the fast ion losses for a reference double-null scenario in the HL-2M device. It is found that the sum of the $n=2$ and $n=6$ RMP fields splits the footprint and widens the footprint area, as compared to the single-$n$ (n=2) harmonic case. Resistive plasma response breaks the up-down symmetry of the footprint pattern on the outer divertor plates, which is otherwise symmetric assuming vacuum RMP fields. Considering fast ion losses, a threshold value exists for the initially launched radial position of test particles as well as for the RMP coil current, before the loss occurs. As the threshold criterion is satisfied, the combined $n=2$ and $n=6$ RMP fields enhance the fast ion loss rate by $~20\%$, as compared to that of the $n=2$ component alone. These results illustrate the important role of the sideband of RMP fields on the magnetic footprints and fast ion losses in tokamak plasmas.

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“…Characterized by a major radius (𝑅) of 1.78 m, a minor radius (𝑎) of 0.65 m, and a maximum plasma current of 3 MA, this apparatus integrates three heating and current drive systems, contributing to a total planned power input of 27 MW [16]. This comprises 15 MW from neutral beam injection [17], 8 MW from electron cyclotron resonance frequency, and 4 MW from lower hybrid current drive. Consequently, the development of a neutron yield measurement system for the HL-3 tokamak is deemed imperative, given the anticipated high neutron yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a neutron yield measurement system utilizing BF_3 detectors on the HL-3 tokamak

Wen,

Yuan,

Feng

et al. 2024

J. Inst.

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A neutron yield measurement system, comprising five BF3 proportional counters with excellent n/γ discrimination capabilities, has been meticulously developed and implemented on the HL-3 tokamak to provide time-resolved assessments of neutron emission rates. The size of moderator, optimized for the flat energy responses, was skillfully simulated and designed using the MCNP code. An in-depth analysis of measurement errors stemming from pile-up phenomena determined that the upper limit of the count rate, under the current electronics design, is 131 kcps with a relative error of less than 20%. Drawing from the pulse amplitude spectrum obtained from a 252Cf neutron source and experimentation on the HL-3 tokamak, the amplitude threshold for the BF3 neutron detector systems was judiciously established. Furthermore, it was conclusively affirmed that the neutron yield measurement system possesses the capability to effectively discriminate between neutron and gamma signals. During HL-3 discharges, deuterium-deuterium (DD) neutrons were reliably detected with a temporal resolution of 10 ms, and the variations in neutron count rates was found to be in alignment with the neutral beam injection. Ultimately, the total neutron yield was successfully estimated through the utilization of count rates from four BF3 detectors, thereby validating the robust performance of the neutron yield measurement system.

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The latest progress of the 1st NBI beamline on HL–2M Tokamak

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Integrated simulation analysis of the HL-2M high-parameter hybrid scenario

Integrated simulation analysis of the HL-2M high-parameter hybrid scenario

Effect of resonant magnetic perturbations including toroidal sidebands on magnetic footprints and fast ion losses in HL-2M

Development of a neutron yield measurement system utilizing BF_3 detectors on the HL-3 tokamak

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