The layered internal structure and the external syntax of PP

Abstract

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Straight on through to Universal Grammar: Spatial modifiers in second language acquisition

“…This class of elements includes up, down, through, over, and across. Their status as P-modifiers can be distinguished from their status as prepositions by means of tests of syntactic distribution as in (3), and by right-modification (Ayano, 2001: 79, footnote 1). It must be stressed that the observations offered here concerning P-modifiers only apply to these lexical items on the relevant interpretations.…”