The leachability and chemical speciation of selected trace elements in fly ash from coal combustion and refuse incineration

Wadge, A.; Hutton, M.

doi:10.1016/0269-7491(87)90089-3

Cited by 107 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Some other toxic compounds, viz. dibenzofuran and dibenzo-P-dioxine mixtures (Helder et al, 1982, Sawyer et al, 1983 and metals such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, selenium and zinc (Wedge & Hutton, 1987), are reported to be present in fly ash. These toxic chemicals may have killed nematode juveniles directly in soil, so that fewer were able to invade roots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of root‐knot disease of tomato by the application of fly ash in soil

Khan¹,

Khan

Singh

1997

Plant Pathology

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The effects of fly ash at different concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30 .. .100% vol./vol. in soil) on plant growth and yield were investigated in tomato plants infected or noninfected with root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (2000 juveniles per plant) in clay pots. An increase in fly ash concentration in the soil correspondingly increased the availability of carbonates, bicarbonates, sulphate, chlorides, B, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Cu and Zn in the soil. The porosity, water-holding capacity, pH, conductivity and cation exchange capacity also increased progressively in the fly ash amended soil. Ash application enhanced plant growth, leaf pigment concentrations, fruit production, weight of fruit/plant and mean fruit weight of both nematodeinfected and noninfected tomato plants, being maximum in the soil containing 50 or 60% fly ash. The yield enhancements were 93 . 6 (infected plants) and 84% (noninfected plants) at 50 and 60% fly ash levels, respectively. Fly ash treatments adversely affected root invasion by juveniles, disease intensity and reproduction of the nematodes. A gradual increase in the ash concentration in soil caused a corresponding decrease in the numbers of invading juveniles, galls and egg masses per root system and eggs/egg mass, being lowest at 100% fly ash i.e. 52, 16, 10 and 81 against 289, 137, 131 and 238 (control), respectively. Linear regression suggested 40% fly ash as the most economic level, enhancing yield of infected plants by 96% and suppressing the nematode disease and reproduction by 63 and 76%, respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of root‐knot disease of tomato by the application of fly ash in soil

Khan¹,

Khan

Singh

1997

Plant Pathology

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“…Wu and Chen (1987) also found 88 -98% of Ni and 71 -86% of Zn in the residual fraction of fly ash. Wadge and Hutton (1987) in a study on coal fly ash also found that Pb is mainly associated with the residual fraction.…”

Section: Residual Fractionycrystalline Fractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speciation of some heavy metals in coal fly ash

Chaudhary

Banerjee

2007

Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability

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Selected heavy metals Cu, Ni, Zn and Pb were studied in two different types of coal fly ash samples, dyke and field, collected from Badarpur Thermal Power Station, Delhi, India for their total metal concentration as well as geochemical differentiation in different chemical fraction namely exchangeable, easily reducible or Fe -Mn bound, organic or sulfide bound and residual fractions. The total concentration of heavy metals in both types of fly ash samples followed the order Cr4Zn4Pb4Ni4Cu. Among the two types of samples, field fly ash samples were more enriched in these heavy metals compared with the dyke type samples. The fine grain size of field type samples possibly provided the sufficiently large surface area for the adsorption of these metals, resulting in higher concentrations compared with those in the coarse grained dyke samples. But, interestingly, the dyke type fly ash samples contain most of the metals in the exchangeable fraction. Metals in this fraction are easily mobilisable or can be made mobile depending upon the environmental conditions of Eh and pH. This suggests that the dyke type samples with low bulk metal content can even pose serious environmental hazards compared to the high total metal containing samples of field type. This suggests that it is the presence of metal in particular fraction(s) and not the total metal concentrations which are harmful to the environment, in particular to the soil and aquatic life.

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“…This classification has come under increased scrutiny following several incidents in which fly ash particles were inadvertently released into the environment, most notably the fly ash slurry holding pond spill at a Tennessee Valley Authority power plant in 2008 [15]. Numerous studies have examined the presence, the water solubility, and chemical leaching potential of major and trace elements in fly ash particles [10,12,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. A recent review of both major and trace elements by Izquierdo et al [31] provides a comprehensive reference for research conducted on acidic and alkaline fly ash elemental mobility across a wide range of pH values.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Application of Accelerated Mineral Carbonation

2014

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Globally, coal-fired power plants are the largest industrial source of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). CO 2 emissions from flue gas have potential for direct mineralization with electrostatic precipitator fly ash particles in the field. Demonstration scale accelerated mineral carbonation (AMC) studies were conducted at the Jim Bridger Power Plant, a large coal fired power plant located in Wyoming, USA. AMC produces kinetically rapid conditions for increased rates of mineralization of CO 2 , sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and mercury (Hg) on fly ash particles. Control and AMC reacted fly ash particles were investigated for: change in carbon (expressed as CaCO 3 ), sulfur (expressed as SO 4 2− ), and mercury (Hg) contents; topology and surface chemical composition by scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis; chemical distribution of trace elements; and aqueous mineral solubility by the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure. Results of the AMC process show an increase in C, S, and Hg on AMC fly ash particles suggesting that multiple pollutants from flue gas can be removed through this direct mineral carbonation process. Results also suggest that the AMC process shifts soluble trace elements in fly ash to less leachable mineral fractions. The results of this study can provide insight into potential successful field implementation of AMC.

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The leachability and chemical speciation of selected trace elements in fly ash from coal combustion and refuse incineration

Cited by 107 publications

References 13 publications

Management of root‐knot disease of tomato by the application of fly ash in soil

Management of root‐knot disease of tomato by the application of fly ash in soil

Speciation of some heavy metals in coal fly ash

Field Application of Accelerated Mineral Carbonation

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