The leaf ionome as a multivariable system to detect a plant's physiological status

Baxter, Ivan; Vitek, Olga; Lahner, Brett; Muthukumar, Balasubrarnaniarn; Borghi, Monica; Morrissey, Joe; Guerinot, Mary Lou; Salt, David E.

doi:10.1073/pnas.0804175105

Cited by 280 publications

(257 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Based on the response of frd3 to reduced leaf Fe, we conclude that roots of the TSC10A loss-of-function mutants are also responding to reduced leaf Fe by increasing expression of IRT1. Our conclusion that loss of 3-KDS reductase activity in the TSC10A loss-of-function mutants is causing Fe deficiency is also supported by the observation that Mo accumulation in leaves of the TSC10A loss-of-function mutants is reduced by 67% compared with the wild type, as this is consistent with the reduction in leaf Mo we observed in wild-type plants responding to Fe deficiency (Baxter et al, 2008b). Furthermore, we have previously shown that frd3, a mutant that displays constitutive Fe deficiency responses, also shows a similar reduction in leaf Mo concentration compared with the wild type (Lahner et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Sphingolipids in the Root Play an Important Role in Regulating the Leaf Ionome inArabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2011

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Sphingolipid synthesis is initiated by condensation of Ser with palmitoyl-CoA producing 3-ketodihydrosphinganine (3-KDS), which is reduced by a 3-KDS reductase to dihydrosphinganine. Ser palmitoyltransferase is essential for plant viability. Arabidopsis thaliana contains two genes (At3g06060/TSC10A and At5g19200/TSC10B) encoding proteins with significant similarity to the yeast 3-KDS reductase, Tsc10p. Heterologous expression in yeast of either Arabidopsis gene restored 3-KDS reductase activity to the yeast tsc10Δ mutant, confirming both as bona fide 3-KDS reductase genes. Consistent with sphingolipids having essential functions in plants, double mutant progeny lacking both genes were not recovered from crosses of single tsc10A and tsc10B mutants. Although the 3-KDS reductase genes are functionally redundant and ubiquitously expressed in Arabidopsis, 3-KDS reductase activity was reduced to 10% of wild-type levels in the loss-of-function tsc10a mutant, leading to an altered sphingolipid profile. This perturbation of sphingolipid biosynthesis in the Arabidopsis tsc10a mutant leads an altered leaf ionome, including increases in Na, K, and Rb and decreases in Mg, Ca, Fe, and Mo. Reciprocal grafting revealed that these changes in the leaf ionome are driven by the root and are associated with increases in root suberin and alterations in Fe homeostasis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Sphingolipids in the Root Play an Important Role in Regulating the Leaf Ionome inArabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2011

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“…4). These results are in agreement with those of [30] who established a multivariate shoot ionomic signature for Arabidopsis, consisting of Mn, Co, Zn, Mo and Cd that is indicative of the nutritional status of plants in relation to Fe. When the Fe supply (via roots) was low, the shoots have enhanced concentrations of Mn, Zn, Co and Cd and less Mo.…”

Section: The Association Of the Root Fc-r With The Concentrations Of supporting

confidence: 82%

Development and recovery of iron deficiency by iron resupply to roots or leaves of strawberry plants

Pestana

Correia

Saavedra

et al. 2012

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

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Bare root transplants of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch. cv. 'Selva') were transferred to nutrient solutions with or without iron (Fe). After six weeks of growth, plants in the solution without Fe were chlorotic and had morphological changes in roots typical of Fe deficiency. At this point, four treatments were imposed with three replicates (plants) each: plants always grown without sulphate every two days (Fe-leaves); chlorotic plants transferred to a solution with ferrous sulphate (Fe-solution). These plants were grown for nine days through which period chlorophyll (Chl) in leaves was estimated with a SPAD-502 apparatus. At the beginning and end of the experiment, root ferric chelate reductase (FC-R; EC 1.16.1.17) activity and the mineral composition of leaves and roots were measured. Six days after the addition of Fe to the solution (Fe-solution) leaves had Chl content similar to (Fe10). When Fe was applied to leaves (Fe-leaves), a slight regreening of new leaves was observed only at the end of the experiment. At this date, the FC-R activity remained the same in (Fe10) and increased even further in (Fe0). Plants in the Fe-solution treatment maintained an FC-R activity similar to the initial value in chlorotic plants, while the activity was drastically reduced in plants of treatment (Fe-leaves). The Fe concentration in leaves of (Fe0) and (Fe10) was similar, while application of Fe to leaves or nutrient solution resulted in an enhanced concentration of Fe in leaves. In contrast to what happened in Fe-solution, application of Fe to leaves did not lead to an increase in the concentration of Fe in roots. Root FC-R was correlated with the concentrations of Mn, Zn and Cu in leaves and with Cu in roots. Under our experimental conditions, FC-R activity in strawberry may be rapidly de-activated by pulses of Fe applied by foliar sprays. On the other hand, this de-activation mechanism is slower if Fe is applied directly to roots, suggesting a greater opportunity for plants to uptake more Fe. Please kindly consider the manuscript Recovery of iron deficiency by iron resupply to roots or leaves of strawberry plants for publication in Plant Physiology andBiochemistry. In this manuscript we present information involving the responses of Fedeficient plants resupplied with Fe, which may provide crucial information for the optimization of the Fe-fertilization strategies. The aims of the present study were to characterize the changes induced by Fe depletion on the chlorophyll content, root FC-R and mineral composition of roots and leaves and to compare two different ways to resupply Fe: by foliar or root fertilization. We also discuss the agronomical consequences of Fe resupply by fertilization. Cover Letter The FC-R activity was higher in chlorotic plants than in green plants. The concentrations of Cu, Mn and Zn in roots of chlorotic plants were higher than those presented by green plants. FC-R activity in strawberry may be rapidly de-activated by Fe applied by foliar sprays. The de-activation mechanism is s...

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“…Conversely, Mn accumulation under Fe deficiency is reduced in 35S-AtNRAMP3 Arabidopsis lines (Thomine et al, 2003). This effect was associated with similar changes in Zn accumulation and other responses to Fe deficiency, suggesting that AtNRAMP3 modulates responses to Fe deficiency (Baxter et al, 2008). In our study, no difference in Mn accumulation was detected between adult wild-type and nramp3nramp4 plants grown under Fe deficiency (Supplemental Fig.…”

Section: Cross Talk Between Fe and Mn Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 47%

Export of Vacuolar Manganese by AtNRAMP3 and AtNRAMP4 Is Required for Optimal Photosynthesis and Growth under Manganese Deficiency

et al. 2010

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Manganese (Mn) is an essential element, acting as cofactor in numerous enzymes. In particular, a Mn cluster is indispensable for the function of the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II. Metal transporters of the Natural Resistance-Associated Macrophage Protein (NRAMP) family have the ability to transport both iron and Mn. AtNRAMP3 and AtNRAMP4 are required for iron mobilization in germinating seeds. The results reported here show that, in adult Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants, AtNRAMP3 and AtNRAMP4 have an important role in Mn homeostasis. Vacuolar Mn accumulation in mesophyll cells of rosette leaves of adult nramp3nramp4 double mutant plants was dramatically increased when compared with the wild type. This suggests that a considerable proportion of the cellular Mn pool passes through the vacuole and is retrieved in an AtNRAMP3/AtNRAMP4-dependent manner. The impaired Mn release from mesophyll vacuoles of nramp3nramp4 double mutant plants is associated with reduced growth under Mn deficiency. However, leaf AtNRAMP3 and AtNRAMP4 protein levels are unaffected by Mn supply. Under Mn deficiency, nramp3nramp4 plants contain less functional photosystem II than the wild type. These data are consistent with a shortage of Mn to produce functional photosystem II, whereas mitochondrial Mn-dependent superoxide dismutase activity is maintained under Mn deficiency in both genotypes. The results presented here suggest an important role for AtNRAMP3/AtNRAMP4-dependent Mn transit through the vacuole prior to the import into chloroplasts of mesophyll cells.

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The leaf ionome as a multivariable system to detect a plant's physiological status

Cited by 280 publications

References 30 publications

Sphingolipids in the Root Play an Important Role in Regulating the Leaf Ionome inArabidopsis thaliana

Sphingolipids in the Root Play an Important Role in Regulating the Leaf Ionome inArabidopsis thaliana

Development and recovery of iron deficiency by iron resupply to roots or leaves of strawberry plants

Export of Vacuolar Manganese by AtNRAMP3 and AtNRAMP4 Is Required for Optimal Photosynthesis and Growth under Manganese Deficiency

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