The leaflet-annulus index in canine myxomatous mitral valve disease

Isaka, Mitsuhiro; Hisada, Shinichi; Araki, Ryuji; Ueno, Hiroshi

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.08.004

Cited by 1 publication

(12 citation statements)

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“…Additionally, LAI is used as a prognostic indicator in mitral valve repair surgeries in humans [ 7 ]. As mitral valve repair is also being studied in veterinary medicine, establishing the differences in LAI based on MMVD stages and determining the criteria can provide a foundation for future research in this field [ 8 ]. The results of the LAI analysis revealed that there were differences in LAI according to the ACVIM stages in dogs, and similarly to humans, LAI decreased as the MMVD worsened [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mitral valve repair is also being studied in veterinary medicine, establishing the differences in LAI based on MMVD stages and determining the criteria can provide a foundation for future research in this field [ 8 ]. The results of the LAI analysis revealed that there were differences in LAI according to the ACVIM stages in dogs, and similarly to humans, LAI decreased as the MMVD worsened [ 8 ]. However, the previous study had some limitations with regard to different breeds and a wide range of body weight in the dogs studied [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of the LAI analysis revealed that there were differences in LAI according to the ACVIM stages in dogs, and similarly to humans, LAI decreased as the MMVD worsened [ 8 ]. However, the previous study had some limitations with regard to different breeds and a wide range of body weight in the dogs studied [ 8 ]. Therefore, we collected single Maltese dogs as the subjects for this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the measurements of AML, PML, and APL were conducted by a single person via a 2D scan at the right parasternal long-axis view of LVOT in end-diastole. And, LAI was calculated according to the following formula: LAI = [AML (mm) + PML (mm)]/APL (mm) ( Figure 3 ) [ 8 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It represents the quantity and severity of MR since it is affected by annular dilation [ 2 , 7 ]. Recently, LAI was adapted to veterinary medicine and showed a significant correlation with the LVIDDn and LA:Ao ratio between ACVIM MMVD stages, suggesting its usefulness as an indicator of annular dilation being easily measured on 2D transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation between the Leaflet–Annulus Index and Echocardiographic Indices in Maltese Dogs with Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease

Lee,

Park,

Song

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is the most common chronic heart valve disease, leading to left-sided cardiomegaly in dogs. The leaflet–annulus index (LAI) was originally used in humans as a predictor of mitral regurgitation (MR) after mitral valve repair surgery. This index represents the quantity and severity of MR since it is affected by annular dilation. Recently, LAI was adapted to veterinary medicine, and its usefulness as an indicator of annular dilation on 2D transthoracic echocardiography in MMVD dogs was suggested. For this study, 135 Maltese dogs were selected and divided into groups of control, B1, and B2, according to the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine consensus statement. The following data were collected: radiographic indices including the vertebral heart score and vertebral left atrial size, echocardiographic indices including the left-atrium-to-aortic-root ratio (LA:Ao), left ventricular internal diameter at diastole, normalized for body weight, and anteroposterior length and LAI measured on right parasternal long-axis view. The results showed a significant difference in LAI between each group, becoming smaller as the disease progressed. Also, there was a significant correlation between LAI and each index, showing the strongest correlation with LA:Ao. LAI could be helpful as a new indicator used for the determination of severity and prognosis in Maltese dogs with MMVD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%