The least length of halloysite nanotubes allowing the operative stress shifting via imperfect interphase after percolation onset for the strength of nanocomposites applicable in the biomedical products

Abstract

The strength of a composite comprising halloysite nanotubes (HNT) above percolation start is simulated supposing the imperfect interphase by "L c " as the least length of nanofiller authorizing the operative stress shifting via interphase. The advanced model considers the interphase depth, percolation start, network fraction and interfacial shear strength (τ) along with the strengths and concentrations of the dispersed and networked HNT and interphase. All factors are justified by parametric checkups and the model's calculations are linked to the numerous tested data of various samples. L c = 500 nm maximizes the nanocomposite's strength by 80%, but the highest "L c " of 1500 nm only improves the strength of system by 28%. The percolation start of 0.001 causes the maximum improvement of the nanocomposite's strength as 56%. The strength of samples rises by 86% at maximum "τ" of 100 MPa. Also, the strength of system progresses by 70% at the interphase deepness of 20 nm. Thus, "L c " and percolation start adversely control the strength, but "τ" and interphase depth directly handle the system's strength. The model's calculations suitably follow the experimental strengths of numerous examples approving the advanced model. HNT-based nanocomposites can be used in the biomedical products.