The Legibility of Typefaces for Readers with Low Vision: A Research Review

Russell-Minda, Elizabeth; Jutai, Jeffrey; Strong, Jenny; Campbell, Kent A.; Gold, Deborah T.; Pretty, Lisa; Wilmot, Lesley

doi:10.1177/0145482x0710100703

Cited by 52 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Adams & Hoffman, 1994; Mitzner & Rogers, 2003; Russell-Minda, Jutai, & Strong, 2007). However, the intriguing promise of our results is that by fitting our data to separate psychometric functions for older and younger participants, and then looking at the differences in fitted parameters, we can determine the level of blur or noise required to mimic the experience of an older participant for a younger participant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related differences in the legibility of degraded text

et al. 2016

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Aging-related changes in the visual system diminish the capacity to perceive the world with the ease and fidelity younger adults are accustomed to. Among many consequences of this, older adults find that text that they could once read easily proves difficult to read, even with sufficient acuity correction. Building on previous work examining visual factors in legibility, we examine potential causes for these age-related effects in the absence of other ocular pathology. We asked participants to discriminate words from non-words in a lexical decision task. The stimuli participants viewed were either blurred or presented in a noise field to simulate, respectively, decreased sensitivity to fine detail (loss of acuity) and detuning of visually selective neurons. We then use the differences in performance between older and younger participants to suggest how older participants’ performance could be approximated to facilitate maximally usable designs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related differences in the legibility of degraded text

et al. 2016

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“…The ability to read information on a computer display or small screen is crucial to full participation in modern society, and as the population ages and the proportion with visual impairments grows in developed countries, concern about the accessibility of information aimed at the general public will rise. 1 In Taiwan, the Physically and Mentally Disabled Population Survey reported that between 2000 and 2008, the number of people with a visual impairment rose from approximately 38,747 to 55,569, and during the same period, the number of people with low vision increased by 43.4%. 2 According to demographics from the 2000 U.S. Census, an estimated 2.4 million Americans (1.98%) had low vision in that year, and it is predicted that the number will increase by 70% to 4.08 million by 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the many individuals with low vision, reading text on a screen when planning and performing everyday tasks could present a major challenge. 1 In general, text is set in small sizes, and those with low vision might be expected to benefit from larger letter sizes. 4 Establishing one design that is appropriate for the "regular adult" population is of most interest to industry and society; however, people with low vision have difficulty reading standard print even with appropriate magnification and illumination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of color and background luminance on minimal legible size of dynamic Chinese characters presented on a LCD monitor for low‐vision and normally sighted users

Huang

2010

J Soc Info Display

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Abstract— The effects of velocity (3, 5, and 7 cm/sec), stimulus color (red, green, and blue), and background luminance (20–80% white, in increments of 15%) on minimal legible size of dynamic Chinese characters, were examined. Participants were divided into low‐vision, severely myopic, and normal‐vision groups. They were asked to recognize the stimulus Chinese characters, which were presented with varying velocity on a screen. Analysis showed that the minimal legible size was significantly greater for those in the low‐vision and severely myopic groups than for those in the normal‐vision group, and the minimal legible size for the low‐vision group was greater than that for the severely myopic group. The minimal legible size was significantly greater when the stimuli were green than when they were red or blue; however, no significant difference was found between green and blue stimuli or between blue and red ones. An effect was observed for background luminance: a higher ratio of white in the gray background yielded a smaller minimal legible size than did a lower ratio of white. Additionally, velocity significantly affected the minimal legible size: a velocity of 3 cm/sec resulted in lower minimal legible size than did a velocity of 7 cm/sec. Results have implications for electronic text information design or icon design for visually impaired individuals.

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“…). Legibility is maximised through optimal size, spacing and hierarchy of scale graduations and numbering ; and use of a specialist typeface . Drug names and concentrations are emphasised and differentiated through the use of ‘Tall Man’ lettering and highlighting .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nomogram for calculating the maximum dose of local anaesthetic

Williams

Walker

2014

Anaesthesia

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SummaryToxic dose limits (mg.kg À1) for local anaesthetics based on body weight are well-established, but calculation of the maximum safe volume (ml) of a given agent and formulation is complex, and frequently results in errors. We therefore developed a nomogram to perform this calculation. We compared the performance of the nomogram with a spreadsheet and a general purpose calculator using simulated clinical data. Bland-Altman analysis showed close agreement between the nomogram and spreadsheet, with bias of À0.07 ml and limits of agreement of À0.38 to +0.24 ml (correlation coefficient r 2 = 0.9980; p < 0.001). The nomogram produced fewer and smaller errors compared with the calculator. Our nomogram calculates the maximum safe volume (ml) of local anaesthetic to a clinically acceptable degree of accuracy. It facilitates rapid cross-checking of dosage calculations performed by electronic or other means at negligible cost, and can potentially reduce the incidence of local anaesthetic toxicity.

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The Legibility of Typefaces for Readers with Low Vision: A Research Review

Cited by 52 publications

References 21 publications

Age-related differences in the legibility of degraded text

Age-related differences in the legibility of degraded text

Effects of color and background luminance on minimal legible size of dynamic Chinese characters presented on a LCD monitor for low‐vision and normally sighted users

A nomogram for calculating the maximum dose of local anaesthetic

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