The Legitimacy of Safety Management Systems in the Minds of Norwegian Seafarers

Vandeskog, Bjarne

doi:10.12716/1001.09.01.12

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It was suggested that many of the described safety management systems are made for larger vessels with other operations and equipment, resulting in procedure negligence due to necessary local adaption. This is in accordance with previous research from the maritime sector [6,27,30,31].…”

Section: Factors Influencing Procedures Negligencesupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Interviewees said that most of the work is done safely and according to procedures, but they also commented that procedures are neglected on a daily basis, mostly because: (a) procedures do not fit the situation, (b) the vessel does not have either the time or (c) manning to comply, (d) because the seafarers do not know the procedure, or (e) because of unintentional slips. These results are in accordance with previous research [6,9,27,30,31]. Procedure negligence has several causes, as our quantitative and qualitative data elaborates on.…”

Section: Factors Influencing Procedures Negligencesupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Safety management systems developed as inexpensively as possible with the objective to be found flawless by any auditor, often become standardized and complex with more procedures and reporting than necessary for a particular company's activities. They result in proceduralization and bureaucracy that may marginalize practical safety work [27][28][29] and leave the seafarers to avoid compliance and dislike the safety management systems [6,30,31]. Finally, violations and sleeping rules may also be a result of the fact that procedures are inappropriate for other reasons, e.g., as it is difficult to regulate the work activities in question, as the nature of work activities has changed since the procedures were developed, etc.…”

Section: Organizational Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Procedure Negligence in Coastal Cargo: What Can Be Done to Reduce the Gap between Formal and Informal Aspects of Safety?

Nævestad

Størkersen

Phillips

2018

Safety

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Previous studies from the coastal cargo sector report of a considerable gap between formal and informal aspects of safety. Several maritime accident investigations point to this gap as an important contributory cause, indicating that risk increases when informal practices ignore or violate formal procedures. The main aims of this paper are therefore to examine the factors influencing procedure negligence in the coastal cargo sector, and to discuss how to reduce the gap between formal and informal aspects of safety. The study is based on quantitative survey results of 180 crewmembers and qualitative research interviews with 10 leading officers on cargo vessels sailing along the coast of Norway. Survey results indicate that procedure negligence is related to work pressure and demanding working conditions. It is also related to outcome measures like personal injuries and perceptions of risk and safety. A positive organizational safety culture is experienced by respondents reporting of less procedure negligence. Interview results indicate, for example, that formal procedures are ignored or violated because of issues like efficiency demands and low-quality procedures, and that procedures more often are followed when they are perceived as useful and timely. In this article, it is thus suggested that a positive safety culture includes an alignment of formal and informal aspects of safety, which requires time to comply with practical procedures. Interviewees suggest that appropriate procedures are: (1) developed by the users, (2) continuously improved, (3) simplified, and (4) supervised by local expertise instead of general experts.

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Section: Factors Influencing Procedures Negligencesupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Factors Influencing Procedures Negligencesupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Organizational Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Procedure Negligence in Coastal Cargo: What Can Be Done to Reduce the Gap between Formal and Informal Aspects of Safety?

Nævestad

Størkersen

Phillips

2018

Safety

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“…Many are connected to the trend of self-regulation, which results in an enlarged administrative burden on the companies. This burden goes under names such as 'the audit society' (Power 1999), proceduralization (Bieder and Bourrier 2013), or bureaucratization (Dekker 2014;Lappalainen, Kuronen, and Tapaninen 2014;Vandeskog 2015). Heavy administration is mainly a problem because the companies have limited personnel resources and other tasks that are also important for safety (see e.g.…”

Section: Earlier Research On Regulation and Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research suggests a weak link between the formal SMSs and the seafarers' informal ideals of work (Bye and Lamvik 2007;Antonsen 2009;Knudsen 2009;Bhattacharya 2012;Kongsvik, Antonsen, and Størkersen 2014;Lappalainen, Kuronen, and Tapaninen 2014;Vandeskog 2015). The ideals of good seamanship entail 'a blend of professional knowledge, professional pride, and experienced-based common sense' (Knudsen 2009, 295).…”

Section: Earlier Research On Regulation and Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

One size fits all? Safety management regulation of ship accidents and personal injuries

Størkersen

Antonsen

Kongsvik

2016

Journal of Risk Research

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Safety management regulation is an important supplement to market forces to establish a sufficient safety level in high-risk industries. The accident statistics in Norwegian maritime passenger transportation display a paradox: personal injuries have decreased while ship accidents have increased in the period during which safety management has been regulated (the International Safety Management Code was effectuated in the late 1990s). We interview regulators, shipping company management, and crewmembers about their practices and opinions regarding safety management regulation and use these data to explore how this regulation influences safety management practices to prevent different types of accidents. This study underlines earlier research showing that regulation serves to 'raise the bar' by heightening the industry levels of safety investments and organizational safety awareness. In addition, our results suggest that safety management regulation in maritime transportation is mostly effective for preventing personal injuries in cases in which the personal have sufficient time and resources available, and the procedures are consistent with seafarers' professional values. For ship accidents, such as groundings, other causal factors come into play. We find that the negative consequences of regulation (proceduralization) in particular influence the performance of safety-critical tasks, such as navigation. This may explain why personal injuries have decreased while ship accident frequencies have continued to increase in spite of the regulations aimed at improving safety.

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Quality standards in polycentric systems: A case of shipping

Gritsenko

Roe

2019

Geoforum

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This article contributes to the literature on transnational environmental governance (TEG). Polycentricity is a popular conceptual approach in TEG, but coordination in polycentric systems remains largely unexplored. We put forward a conceptual model of quality standards as a productive links between different orders of governance in polycentric systems. Existing theories distinguish between regulative, institutional, and normalizing functioning of quality standards. We develop an integrative approach highlighting the mechanisms of coordination that rely on these three functions of quality standards. The case of TEG in shipping is used to illustrate how quality standards function not only as soft rules, but also as institutionalized references and shared conventions, enabling coordination across levels and scales. The paper draws attention to the limits of regulatory standardization, outlining how practical value can be gained from emphasizing the normative work associated with promulgation of quality standards.

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The Legitimacy of Safety Management Systems in the Minds of Norwegian Seafarers

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Procedure Negligence in Coastal Cargo: What Can Be Done to Reduce the Gap between Formal and Informal Aspects of Safety?

Procedure Negligence in Coastal Cargo: What Can Be Done to Reduce the Gap between Formal and Informal Aspects of Safety?

One size fits all? Safety management regulation of ship accidents and personal injuries

Quality standards in polycentric systems: A case of shipping

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